The self-defeating nature of urban road capacity policy

Mogridge, M. J. H.

doi:10.1016/s0967-070x(96)00030-3

Cited by 109 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Previous studies have pointed out that with successive reductions in general traffic flow and a modal shift to bus travel, it would be possible to improve the overall journey speed of all travellers, both those left in the car and those switching to the bus [2,3,6,8,32,35,39]. Nevertheless, in current practice there is limited research in identifying the optimal bus share ratio that can effectively use road space.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, various patterns of bus lanes have been implemented in several Asian, European and American cities to improve the Level of Service (LOS) of buses, thus achieving the goal of attracting more passengers to use buses and eventually, tackle the urban traffic congestion problems [1][2][3][4][5][6]. A handful of studies have been carried out to study or verify the impacts of a dedicated bus lane, such as the equilibrium mechanism within a roadway system after the installation of a bus lane [7,8], and the design and evaluation of dedicated bus lanes [9][10][11][12][13][14]. These studies, in general, concluded that a bus lane could improve the operation of buses, and bring considerable benefits to both passengers and the society with the occurrence of modal shifts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling the Modal Shift Effects of Converting a General Traffic Lane into a Dedicated Bus Lane

Yang

Wang

Mao

2020

PROMET

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This paper presents an analytical framework for evaluating the performance of dedicated bus lanes. It assumes that under a designated travel demand, the traffic volume on a corridor changes with the modal shifts. The modal shift affects the operations of both bus traffic and car traffic and eventually, an equilibrium bus share ratio that maximizes the performance of the corridor will be reached. Microsimulation modelling is employed to assess the traffic operations under various demand levels and bus share ratios. The results show that converting a general lane into a bus lane significantly reduces bus delay. For car traffic, the overall trend is that delay increases after converting a general lane to a bus lane. In addition, delay decreases with the increase of bus share ratio. Nevertheless, when bus share ratio reaches 0.6 (demand less than 10,000 passengers per hour, pph; or 0.8 when demand increases up to 14,000 pph), there is no significant difference in delay between the two scenarios. The identified bus share ratios have the potential to direct the development of bus lane warrants. Finally, this research recommends that the Transportation Demand Management (TDM) strategies shall be developed to stimulate the modal shifts towards the identified optimal bus share ratio.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the Modal Shift Effects of Converting a General Traffic Lane into a Dedicated Bus Lane

Yang

Wang

Mao

2020

PROMET

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“…Cities could also charge drivers for roadway use, and invest in increasing road capacity. These policies could increase system efficiency [45][46][47][48][49]. Note that we added two policies-banning single-occupancy vehicles from certain areas (4) and increasing road capacity (12)-after our initial round of surveys, and thus only include results related to them in some of the findings below.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Policies for Autonomy: How American Cities Envision Regulating Automated Vehicles

2020

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Local governments play an important role in structuring urban transportation through street design, zoning, and shared jurisdiction over ride-hailing, transit, and road pricing. While cities can harness these powers to steer planning outcomes, there is little research about what local officials think about regulatory changes related to autonomous vehicles (AV). We compile key AV-related policies recommended by scholars but rarely implemented, and conduct a survey of municipal officials throughout the United States, exploring their personal support and perceptions of bureaucratic capacity, legal limits, and political backing for each policy. This paper finds broad personal support for regulations related to right-of-way, equity, and land use, such as for increasing pedestrian space, expanding access for low-income people, and reducing sprawl. However, officials emphasized uncertain bureaucratic and legal capacity for city intervention outside of these areas, reaffirming limited local power in the federal system. Only a minority expected political support for any policy. Greater population size and more liberal resident political ideologies are strongly associated with personal and political support for many policies. Local population growth is correlated with greater capacity to undertake policies. This work contributes to the growing literature on transportation governance in the context of technological uncertainty.

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“…This is not to say that some expansion of capacity is not in order in rapidly growing cities such as Yangon, but simply generating more road space is unlikely to lead to significant increases in mobility. Indeed, there is now a consensus that improving mobility by encouraging and supporting alternative modes of transport is preferable to increasing the supply of road space (Buchanan & Gunn 2015;Mogridge 1997).…”

Section: Understanding Mobility and Congestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liberalisation, urban governance and gridlock: Diagnosing Yangon's mobility crisis

Fox

Ney

Verrucci

2019

Cities

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The city of Yangon is home to over 5 million people, hosts Myanmar's largest port and produces a disproportionate share of national output. But a mobility crisis is undermining the city's economic potential and contributing to a deteriorating quality of life for its residents. The most obvious symptom of this crisis is acute traffic congestion. The proximate causes are clear: growing demand for journeys, a surge in vehicle numbers, a modal shift away from buses, and myriad 'flow disruptions'. However, solving this mobility crisis requires recognizing the underlying causes, including a 'congestion incentive spiral' fuelled by rapid liberalisation of vehicle imports in a context where there are few viable alternatives to buses and private automobiles. This situation is a direct consequence of systematic failures in urban planning, investment and regulation linked to active neglect from successive military regimes and dysfunctional institutional arrangements. To preserve its rich urban heritage, Yangon will need to embrace 21st century integrated planning practices that seek to maximise accessibility and mobility for all people rather than minimise traffic congestion for those who use cars.

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The self-defeating nature of urban road capacity policy

Cited by 109 publications

References 14 publications

Modelling the Modal Shift Effects of Converting a General Traffic Lane into a Dedicated Bus Lane

Modelling the Modal Shift Effects of Converting a General Traffic Lane into a Dedicated Bus Lane

Policies for Autonomy: How American Cities Envision Regulating Automated Vehicles

Liberalisation, urban governance and gridlock: Diagnosing Yangon's mobility crisis

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