The Self-Assembling Process and Applications in Tissue Engineering

Lee, Jennifer K.; Link, Jarrett M.; Hu, Jerry C.; Athanasiou, Kyriacos A.

doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a025668

Cited by 57 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…10 The self-assembling process has generated robust neocartilage with properties comparable to those of native cartilage using chondrocytes, BM-MSCs and CB-MSCs, as well as other progenitor cell populations. 47 Although only BM-MSCs and CB-MSCs were utilized in this study, it is likely that MSCs from other sources could be used. The quality of self-assembled neocartilage, however, will, in part, depend on the starting cell source and the degree to which the cells are chondrodifferentiated.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Bone Marrow and Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cartilage Self-Assembly

White

Walker

et al. 2018

Tissue Engineering Part A

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Joint injury is a common cause of premature retirement for the human and equine athlete alike. Implantation of engineered cartilage offers the potential to increase the success rate of surgical intervention and hasten recovery times. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a particularly attractive cell source for cartilage engineering. While bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) have been most extensively characterized for musculoskeletal tissue engineering, studies suggest that cord blood MSCs (CB-MSCs) may elicit a more robust chondrogenic phenotype. The objective of this study was to determine a superior equine MSC source for cartilage engineering. MSCs derived from bone marrow or cord blood were stimulated to undergo chondrogenesis through aggregate redifferentiation and used to generate cartilage through the self-assembling process. The resulting neocartilage produced from either BM-MSCs or CB-MSCs was compared by measuring mechanical, biochemical, and histological properties. We found that while BM constructs possessed higher tensile properties and collagen content, CB constructs had superior compressive properties comparable to that of native tissue and higher GAG content. Moreover, CB constructs had alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen type X, and collagen type II on par with native tissue suggesting a more hyaline cartilage-like phenotype. In conclusion, while both BM-MSCs and CB-MSCs were able to form neocartilage, CB-MSCs resulted in tissue more closely resembling native equine articular cartilage as determined by a quantitative functionality index. Therefore, CB-MSCs are deemed a superior source for the purpose of articular cartilage self-assembly.

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Bone Marrow and Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cartilage Self-Assembly

White

Walker

et al. 2018

Tissue Engineering Part A

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“…Afterwards, the tissue self‐assembling process has been exploited to produce tissues in vitro. This process proved to be particularly suitable for the production of certain tissue types, for example, cartilage, cornea, and small blood vessels (Athanasiou et al, ; Lee et al, ). However, the dynamics leading to tissue sheet formation in vitro has never been elucidated, and beyond this, the development of optimal strategies to control the spatial organization of cells and matrix has seen alternate fortunes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the influence of surface patterning on tissue self-assembly and mechanics

Coppola

Ventre

Natale

et al. 2018

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

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Extracellular matrix assembly and composition influence the biological and mechanical functions of tissues. Developing strategies to control the spatial arrangement of cells and matrix is of central importance for tissue engineering-related approaches relying on self-assembling and scaffoldless processes. Literature reports demonstrated that signals patterned on material surfaces are able to control cell positioning and matrix orientation. However, the mechanisms underlying the interactions between material signals and the structure of the de novo synthesized matrix are far from being thoroughly understood. In this work, we investigated the ordering effect provided by nanoscale topographic patterns on the assembly of tissue sheets grown in vitro. We stimulated MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts to produce and assemble a collagen-rich matrix on substrates displaying patterns with long- or short-range order. Then, we investigated microstructural features and mechanical properties of the tissue in uniaxial tension. Our results demonstrate that patterned material surfaces are able to control the initial organization of cells in close contact to the surface; then cell-generated contractile forces profoundly remodel tissue structure towards mechanically stable spatial patterns. Such a remodelling effect acts both locally, as it affects cell and nuclear shape and globally, by affecting the gross mechanical response of the tissue. Such an aspect of dynamic interplay between cells and the surrounding matrix must be taken into account when designing material platform for the in vitro generation of tissue with specific microstructural assemblies.

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“…Difficulties in replicating native tissue functionality and mechanical stability have limited the progress of scaffold-free approaches towards fabrication of viable cardiovascular tissues [29]. Considering the significance of spatial distribution of cells in recapitulating organ/ tissue structure and function, cell 3D bioprinting has recently been explored as a robust tool to engineer tissue constructs [30,31].…”

Section: Scaffold-free Cellular Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multicellular patches showed remarkable electrophysiological and mechanical contractility coupling, and more mature tissue and host anastomosis [35]. While scaffold-free cell self-assembly has shown success for specific cell types, not all cells are conducive to forming aggregates and need anchoring (e.g., osteoblasts) [29].…”

Section: Scaffold-free Cellular Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Functional Cardiac Tissues for Regenerative Medicine Applications

et al. 2019

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Purpose of Review Tissue engineering has expanded into a highly versatile manufacturing landscape that holds great promise for advancing cardiovascular regenerative medicine. In this review, we provide a summary of the current state-of-the-art bioengineering technologies used to create functional cardiac tissues for a variety of applications in vitro and in vivo. Recent Findings Studies over the past few years have made a strong case that tissue engineering is one of the major driving forces behind the accelerating fields of patient-specific regenerative medicine, precision medicine, compound screening, and disease modeling. To date, a variety of approaches have been used to bioengineer functional cardiac constructs, including biomaterialbased, cell-based, and hybrid (using cells and biomaterials) approaches. While some major progress has been made using cellular approaches, with multiple ongoing clinical trials, cell-free cardiac tissue engineering approaches have also accomplished multiple breakthroughs, although drawbacks remain. Summary This review summarizes the most promising methods that have been employed to generate cardiovascular tissue constructs for basic science or clinical applications. Further, we outline the strengths and challenges that are inherent to this field as a whole and for each highlighted technology.

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The Self-Assembling Process and Applications in Tissue Engineering

Cited by 57 publications

References 72 publications

A Comparison of Bone Marrow and Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cartilage Self-Assembly

A Comparison of Bone Marrow and Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cartilage Self-Assembly

On the influence of surface patterning on tissue self-assembly and mechanics

Engineering Functional Cardiac Tissues for Regenerative Medicine Applications

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