“…The reaction rates of sulphide minerals with lime according to Reactions (R6a)–(c) have been reported in the literature . Following the notations of Reactions (R1a) and (b), a = c = 1 in this case and thus v 1 = v 2 from Equation (5).…”
Section: Coupled Fluid‐solid Reactionsmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…This reaction system is illustrated in Figure . The oxidation of metal sulphides mixed with lime by steam to the oxides in a closed vessel is an example . This system may be written in the following general form: …”
In this Part 3 of the series, we discuss work done on the rates of complex fluid-solid reactions. It is shown that many of the complex systems can be analyzed by recognizing the component single fluid-solid reactions. The overall reaction system is then quantitatively described by combining the mathematical relationships for the component single reactions discussed in Parts 1 and 2. [1,2] In many cases, Sohn's law of additive reaction times discussed in Part 2 is shown to provide a useful means of simplifying the quantitative description of the complex fluid-solid reactions. [2]
“…The reaction rates of sulphide minerals with lime according to Reactions (R6a)–(c) have been reported in the literature . Following the notations of Reactions (R1a) and (b), a = c = 1 in this case and thus v 1 = v 2 from Equation (5).…”
Section: Coupled Fluid‐solid Reactionsmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…This reaction system is illustrated in Figure . The oxidation of metal sulphides mixed with lime by steam to the oxides in a closed vessel is an example . This system may be written in the following general form: …”
In this Part 3 of the series, we discuss work done on the rates of complex fluid-solid reactions. It is shown that many of the complex systems can be analyzed by recognizing the component single fluid-solid reactions. The overall reaction system is then quantitatively described by combining the mathematical relationships for the component single reactions discussed in Parts 1 and 2. [1,2] In many cases, Sohn's law of additive reaction times discussed in Part 2 is shown to provide a useful means of simplifying the quantitative description of the complex fluid-solid reactions. [2]
“…An example is the oxidation of metal sulfides with lime in the presence of water vapor to produce the corresponding oxides (Sohn, 1983;Sohn and Kim, 1984b, 1988Soepriyanto et al, 1989). This reaction can in general be expressed by the following: Using this scheme, selected metal sulfides such as molybdenum disulfide and zinc sulfide can be transformed into the corresponding oxides without producing a sulfur-containing gas.…”
Section: Solid±solid Reactions Proceeding Through Gaseous Intermediatmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…The solution of these equations gives the conversion as a function of time. Using this approach, the detailed kinetics of reactions of various sulfide minerals with lime has been described Kim, 1987, 1988;Soepriyanto et al, 1989;Sohn, 1991).…”
Section: Solid±solid Reactions Proceeding Through Gaseous Intermediatmentioning
“… A. Solid–Solid Reactions Proceedings through Gaseous Intermediates with a Net Production of Gases (Sohn and Szekely 1973). B. Solid–solid reactions proceeding through gaseous intermediates with no net production gas (Sohn and Kim 1987, 1988; Soepriyanto et al 1989). C. Successive gas–solid reactions in which the reactant gas reacts with the first solid, producing an intermediate gas which in turn reacts with the second solid (Sohn and Rajamani 1977; Rajamani and Sohn 1983; Sohn and Won 1985).…”
This article reviews the principles and methods for formulating mathematical or physical models that are useful in the design, analysis and optimization of metallurgical processes. Mathematical models based on first principles are emphasised. Examples of developing new processes based on a first-principle mathematical model or a physical model are presented. Cautions and pitfalls associated with the formulation and application of mathematical models are discussed. The reader is encouraged to carefully examine correctness of the approach and assumptions made in the formulation in order to avoid an erroneous application of a model. For complex processes requiring harsh conditions, physical models are useful. The interpretation and utilisation of the results from physical models can be difficult and sometimes even misleading. This problem is greatly assuaged by combining physical modelling with mathematical modelling. For example, the use of computational fluid dynamics greatly improves the physical modelling of systems involving complex fluid flow.
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