“…2–6 The mechanism of antiarrhythmics in obviating recurrent VF or rearrest during resuscitation is conceptually complicated by the known effect of some antiarrhythmic drugs to increase the defibrillation threshold, an effect that should reduce the probability of successful defibrillation. 7–9 Even so, it was demonstrated almost two decades ago that both amiodarone and lidocaine can improve survival to hospital admission when administered for recurrent or refractory VF. 10–11 Later, the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (ROC) conducted the Amiodarone-Lidocaine-Placebo Study (ALPS), a large randomized controlled trial of amiodarone, lidocaine or placebo for treatment of recurrent or refractory VF.…”