1 Ejaculatory problems and anorgasmia are well-known side-e ects of the SSRI antidepressants, and a pharmacologically induced increase in serotonergic neurotransmission inhibits ejaculatory behaviour in the rat. In the present study the role of 5-HT 1A and 5-HT 1B receptors in the mediation of male rat ejaculatory behaviour was examined by use of selective agonists and antagonists acting at these 5-HT receptor subtypes. 2 The 5-HT 1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT (0.25 ± 4.00 mmol kg 71 s.c.) produced an expected facilitation of the male rat ejaculatory behaviour, and this e ect was fully antagonized by pretreatment with the new selective 5-HT 1A receptor antagonist (R)-3-N,N-dicyclobutylamino-8-¯uoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-5-carboxamide hydrogen (2R,3R) tartrate monohydrate (NAD-299) (1.0 mmol kg 71 s.c.). NAD-299 by itself (0.75 ± 3.00 mmol kg 71 s.c.) did not a ect the male rat ejaculatory behaviour. 3 The 5-HT 1B receptor agonist anpirtoline (0.25 ± 4.00 mmol kg 71 s.c.) produced a dose-dependent inhibition of the male rat ejaculatory behaviour, and this e ect was fully antagonized by pretreatment with the 5-HT 1B receptor antagonist isamoltane (16 mmol kg 71 s.c.) as well as by the new and selective antagonist (R)-(+)-2-(3-morpholinomethyl-2H-chromene-8-yl)oxymethylmorpholino methansulphonate (NAS-181) (16 mmol kg 71 s.c.). Isamoltane (1.0 ± 16.0 mmol kg 71 s.c.) and NAD-181 (1.0 ± 16.0 mmol kg 71 s.c.) had no, or weakly facilitatory e ects on the male rat ejaculatory behaviour. The non-selective 5-HT 1 receptor antagonist (7)-pindolol (8 mmol kg 71 s.c.), did not antagonize the inhibition produced by anpirtoline.4 The present results demonstrate opposite e ects, facilitation and inhibition, of male rat ejaculatory behaviour by stimulation of 5-HT 1A and 5-HT 1B receptors, respectively, suggesting that the SSRIinduced inhibition of male ejaculatory dysfunction is due to 5-HT 1B receptor stimulation.