The seismic cycle at subduction thrusts: 2. Dynamic implications of geodynamic simulations validated with laboratory models

Dinther, Ylona van; Gerya, T. V.; Dalguer, L. A.; Corbi, Fabio; Funiciello, Francesca; Martin, P.

doi:10.1029/2012jb009479

Cited by 92 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 130 publications

(198 reference statements)

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“…14). This is consistent with numerical simulations (Das and Scholz, 1983;van Dinther et al, 2013a, b, Pipping et al, 2016. In nature, the spatial relation between the hypocentre and the rupture area is less clear: the hypocentres of the 2004 M9.2 Sumatra and 2010 M8.8 Chile earthquakes were located in the deepest part of the rupture (Rhie et al, 2007;Moreno et al, 2010), probably aided by the lithostatic pressure and locking gradient.…”

Section: Rupture Dynamicssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…recurrence time, coseismic displacement, rupture duration, rupture velocity, slip rate, rupture width, and hypocentre location). A robust fit has been obtained for the majority of the investigated parameters of the reference model (van Dinther et al, 2013a). In particular, the mean of individual source parameters of the numerical model falls systematically within the standard deviation of the same parameter of the analogue models.…”

Section: Seismotectonic Scale Modelsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Gelatine rheology varies as a function of composition, concentration, temperature, and ageing. At concentrations > 3 % the viscoelastic behaviour of gelatine can be described by a Maxwell model (T m = 0.1-1 s), while for < 3 % concentrations the rheology of gelatine can be described by a bi-viscous model combining a Kelvin-Voigt element in series with a second viscous element (van Otterloo and Cruden, 2016). The rheological properties of gelatine can be modified by adding electrolytes, phosphate, and non-electrolytes.…”

Section: Viscoelastic Rock Analogue Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples of soft elastic materials include gelatine. Gelatine is the common name for animal and plant viscoelastic biopolymers, which have been adopted for analogue modelling (see Di Giuseppe et al, 2009;Kavanagh et al, 2008Kavanagh et al, , 2013van Otterloo and Cruden, 2016, for a complete rheological characterization of a wide range of gelatines). The shear modulus of gelatine is controlled by its concentration.…”

Section: Elastic Rock Analogue Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proper rheological model as well as the constitutive parameters like viscosity, elasticity, and the Maxwell relaxation time are inferred from a series of oscillatory and rotational tests in a rheometer (e.g. Rudolf et al, 2016a;Di Giuseppe et al, 2009;ten Grotenhuis et al, 2002;Boutelier et al, 2008Boutelier et al, , 2016van Otterloo and Cruden, 2016).…”

Section: Viscoelastic Rock Analogue Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analogue earthquakes and seismic cycles: experimental modelling across timescales

2017

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Abstract. Earth deformation is a multi-scale process ranging from seconds (seismic deformation) to millions of years (tectonic deformation). Bridging short-and long-term deformation and developing seismotectonic models has been a challenge in experimental tectonics for more than a century. Since the formulation of Reid's elastic rebound theory 100 years ago, laboratory mechanical models combining frictional and elastic elements have been used to study the dynamics of earthquakes. In the last decade, with the advent of high-resolution monitoring techniques and new rock analogue materials, laboratory earthquake experiments have evolved from simple spring-slider models to scaled analogue models. This evolution was accomplished by advances in seismology and geodesy along with relatively frequent occurrences of large earthquakes in the past decade. This coincidence has significantly increased the quality and quantity of relevant observations in nature and triggered a new understanding of earthquake dynamics. We review here the developments in analogue earthquake modelling with a focus on those seismotectonic scale models that are directly comparable to observational data on short to long timescales. We lay out the basics of analogue modelling, namely scaling, materials and monitoring, as applied in seismotectonic modelling. An overview of applications highlights the contributions of analogue earthquake models in bridging timescales of observations including earthquake statistics, rupture dynamics, ground motion, and seismic-cycle deformation up to seismotectonic evolution.

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Section: Rupture Dynamicssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Seismotectonic Scale Modelsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Viscoelastic Rock Analogue Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Elastic Rock Analogue Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Viscoelastic Rock Analogue Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analogue earthquakes and seismic cycles: experimental modelling across timescales

2017

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Unraveling Megathrust Seismicity

et al. 2013

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The majority of global seismicity originates at subduction zones, either within the converging plates or along the plate interface. In particular, events with Mw ≥ 8.0 usually occur at the subduction megathrust, which is the frictional interface between subducting and overriding plates. Consequently, seismicity at subduction megathrusts is responsible for most of the seismic energy globally released during the last century [Pacheco and Sykes, 1992]. What's more, during the last decade giant megathrust earthquakes occurred at an increased rate with respect to the last century [Ammon et al., 2010], often revealing unexpected characteristics and resulting in catastrophic effects. Determining the controlling factors of these events would have fundamental implications for earthquake and tsunami hazard assessment.

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Modeling the seismic cycle in subduction zones: The role and spatiotemporal occurrence of off‐megathrust earthquakes

Dinther

Martin

Dalguer

et al. 2014

Geophysical Research Letters

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Shallow off‐megathrust subduction events are important in terms of hazard assessment and coseismic energy budget. Their role and spatiotemporal occurrence, however, remain poorly understood. We simulate their spontaneous activation and propagation using a newly developed 2‐D, physically consistent, continuum, viscoelastoplastic seismo‐thermo‐mechanical modeling approach. The characteristics of simulated normal events within the outer rise and splay and normal antithetic events within the wedge resemble seismic and seismological observations in terms of location, geometry, and timing. Their occurrence agrees reasonably well with both long‐term analytical predictions based on dynamic Coulomb wedge theory and short‐term quasi‐static stress changes resulting from the typically triggering megathrust event. The impact of off‐megathrust faulting on the megathrust cycle is distinct, as more both shallower and slower megathrust events arise due to occasional off‐megathrust triggering and increased updip locking. This also enhances tsunami hazards, which are amplified due to the steeply dipping fault planes of especially outer rise events.

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The seismic cycle at subduction thrusts: 2. Dynamic implications of geodynamic simulations validated with laboratory models

Cited by 92 publications

References 130 publications

Analogue earthquakes and seismic cycles: experimental modelling across timescales

Analogue earthquakes and seismic cycles: experimental modelling across timescales

Unraveling Megathrust Seismicity

Modeling the seismic cycle in subduction zones: The role and spatiotemporal occurrence of off‐megathrust earthquakes

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