The seeded growth of graphene

Abstract

In this paper, we demonstrate the seeded growth of graphene under a plasma chemical vapor deposition condition. First, we fabricate graphene nanopowders (~5 nm) by ball-milling commercial multi-wall carbon nanotubes. The graphene nanoparticles were subsequently subject to a direct current plasma generated in a 100 Torr 10%CH4 - 90%H2 gas mixture. The plasma growth enlarged, over one hour, the nuclei to graphene sheets larger than one hundred nm2 in area. Characterization by electron and X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy images provide evidence for the presence of monolayer graphene sheets.

Tribological Performance of Graphene-Copper-Iron Composite Coating

“…Fig.4 shows the Raman spectra of laser fabricated graphene copper iron composite coatings. It shows the outstanding peaks at ~ 1329.9, ~ 1577.8 and ~ 2677.6 cm -1 , corresponding to the multilayer grapnene's D peak, G peak and 2D peak, respectively [14,15]. It was also proved that graphene sheets were survived in the laser fabricating process; and graphene copper iron composite coatings were successfully fabricated.…”

Structural and Electrical Properties of Electrodeposited Single Junction of Cuprous (I) Oxide-Copper

“…The current of metal-semiconductor-metal solar cell as a function of the voltage can be expressed as follows [1,4,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12]:…”

“…The solar cell materials have been the subject of intense research for many years due to their unusual optical and electrical properties [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. On the basis of theoretical studies it may be proven that, photovoltaic technology has advanced considerably, resulting in singlejunction solar cells with a record efficiency of 28.3% and multi-junction cells with an efficiency (under concentrated illumination) of 43.5% [2].…”

“…On the basis of theoretical studies it may be proven that, photovoltaic technology has advanced considerably, resulting in singlejunction solar cells with a record efficiency of 28.3% and multi-junction cells with an efficiency (under concentrated illumination) of 43.5% [2]. The initial effort to develop a solar energy conversion device can be traced back to the metal/semiconductor (MS) junction with a thin metal film [6,7]. The efficiency of Cu/Cu 2 O Schottky barrier solar cells has remained far below the theoretical value.…”

Localized surface plasmons and hot electrons

“…Other hot electron device configurations have also been investigated to increase efficiency such as tandem devices with double Schottky barriers (TiO 2 /Au/Si and TiO 2 /Au/TiO 2 ) [76], and a metal-insulator-metal device that improves photocurrent through the generation of hot electrons that can inject or tunnel through the insulator [77]. In addition, graphene has also been explored as an electron carrier [78,79].…”