The Seed and the Metabolism Regulation

El‐Maarouf‐Bouteau, Hayat

doi:10.3390/biology11020168

Cited by 44 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…Proline scavenges free radicals, such as H 2 O 2 , that oxidize the components of the cell membranes, and thus, proline enables the maintenance of the proper functioning of cells under osmotic stress conditions. Seed hydration has been reported to induce a membrane leakage decrease; thus, the cell membrane is repaired after imbibition (Corbineau et al, 2002;El-Maarouf-Bouteau, 2022). By removing these strong reactive molecules, proline prevents the lipid peroxidation process, resulting in MDA formation, thus justifying the simultaneous decrease in the content of H 2 O 2 and MDA in S1 with proline treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exogenous seed treatment with proline and its consequences to Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst) seedling establishment

Kijowska‐Oberc¹,

Wawrzyniak²,

Leśniewska³

et al. 2022

Dendrobiology

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Accumulation of proline is a defense mechanism against external stress conditions, preventing damage to the structure and function of cells and improving plant development processes, such as germination. The purpose of this study was to investigate proline treatment as a means of improving the germination and development of Norway spruce seedlings. The effect of exogenous proline has been studied in three stages of initial plant development. The collected seeds were soaked in water or 8 mM proline solution and placed on the germinators. The germination capacity and the mean germination time were determined. Seedlings with radicles >10 mm were transferred to the sand-peat substrate at a constant temperature of 20 °C. Seedlings at 3 subsequent developmental stages (S1 – germinated seeds with radicles > 3 mm; S2 – seedlings with radicles >10 mm; S3 – established seedlings grown for 90 days) were examined for the oxygen consumption rate, total antioxidant capacity, hydrogen peroxide level, malondialdehyde level and intracellular proline content. Proline treatment was conducive to lowering the levels of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde at stage S1. At the subsequent stages of development, the levels of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde increased, and at the S3 stage, there was also a marked increase in total antioxidant capacity. At stage S3, the seedlings of the proline treatment were characterized by a lower total mass, and the response to exogenous proline was stronger in the root tissues than in the leaves. The oxygen consumption rate was higher for the proline treatment at all stages of development. Seedlings at the analyzed stages of establishment differed in response to proline treatment. Exogenous proline had some beneficial effects during the first phase of germination by reducing the level of hydrogen peroxide and improving the condition of lipid membranes. In the subsequent stages of seedling development, in response to the same concentration of proline solution, undesirable effects, such as an increase in hydrogen peroxide levels and damage to cytoplasmic membranes, were observed. Optimal concentrations of exogenous proline should be determined prior to commercial use of proline treatment to improve plant stress tolerance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rate of water absorption by the seeds corresponds to three phases during which controlled physiological processes take place (El-Maarouf-Bouteau, 2022). Mitochondria in dry seeds are underdeveloped with low cristae numbers and low protein content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous seed treatment with proline and its consequences to Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst) seedling establishment

Kijowska‐Oberc¹,

Wawrzyniak²,

Leśniewska³

et al. 2022

Dendrobiology

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“…(iv) Interestingly, dry and viable seeds store a multitude of transcripts to be used at the beginning of the germination process [12,13]. (v) Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) play fundamental roles in seed-life [14][15][16][17]. (vi) All the above vital events that occur in seeds are coordinated by transcription factors (TFs) such as ABI3, ABI4, and ABI5 [18][19][20][21][22][23], and phytohormones, being the regulatory mechanisms underlying abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAs) crosstalk, intensively documented during seed dormancy and germination.…”

Section: Starting: Key Biological Traits About Seed Dormancy and Germ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Breakthroughs in Three Traits Belonging to Seed Life

Matilla

2022

Plants

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Based on prior knowledge and with the support of new methodology, solid progress in the understanding of seed life has taken place over the few last years. This update reflects recent advances in three key traits of seed life (i.e., preharvest sprouting, genomic imprinting, and stored-mRNA). The first breakthrough refers to cloning of the mitogen-activated protein kinase-kinase 3 (MKK3) gene in barley and wheat. MKK3, in cooperation with ABA signaling, controls seed dormancy. This advance has been determinant in producing improved varieties that are resistant to preharvest sprouting. The second advance concerns to uniparental gene expression (i.e., imprinting). Genomic imprinting primarily occurs in the endosperm. Although great advances have taken place in the last decade, there is still a long way to go to complete the puzzle regarding the role of genomic imprinting in seed development. This trait is probably one of the most important epigenetic facets of developing endosperm. An example of imprinting regulation is polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). The mechanism of PRC2 recruitment to target endosperm with specific genes is, at present, robustly studied. Further progress in the knowledge of recruitment of PRC2 epigenetic machinery is considered in this review. The third breakthrough referred to in this update involves stored mRNA. The role of the population of this mRNA in germination is far from known. Its relations to seed aging, processing bodies (P bodies), and RNA binding proteins (RBPs), and how the stored mRNA is targeted to monosomes, are aspects considered here. Perhaps this third trait is the one that will require greater experimental dedication in the future. In order to make progress, herein are included some questions that are needed to be answered.

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“…Decrease in metabolic activities and onset of glassy state (Salvi et al, 2016 ; Leprince et al, 2017 ) in living cells of seed counteracts deterioration changes and factors in seed longevity improvement. Role of secondary metabolites like tocopherols, flavonoids and glutathione were also thoroughly explained in various studies (El-Maarouf-Bouteau, 2022 ). Oxidation of biomolecules viz .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed Longevity in Legumes: Deeper Insights Into Mechanisms and Molecular Perspectives

et al. 2022

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Sustainable agricultural production largely depends upon the viability and longevity of high-quality seeds during storage. Legumes are considered as rich source of dietary protein that helps to ensure nutritional security, but associated with poor seed longevity that hinders their performance and productivity in farmer's fields. Seed longevity is the key determinant to assure proper seed plant value and crop yield. Thus, maintenance of seed longevity during storage is of prime concern and a pre-requisite for enhancing crop productivity of legumes. Seed longevity is significantly correlated with other seed quality parameters such as germination, vigor, viability and seed coat permeability that affect crop growth and development, consequently distressing crop yield. Therefore, information on genetic basis and regulatory networks associated with seed longevity, as well as molecular dissection of traits linked to longevity could help in developing crop varieties with good storability. Keeping this in view, the present review focuses towards highlighting the molecular basis of seed longevity, with special emphasis on candidate genes and proteins associated with seed longevity and their interplay with other quality parameters. Further, an attempt was made to provide information on 3D structures of various genetic loci (genes/proteins) associated to seed longevity that could facilitate in understanding the interactions taking place within the seed at molecular level. This review compiles and provides information on genetic and genomic approaches for the identification of molecular pathways and key players involved in the maintenance of seed longevity in legumes, in a holistic manner. Finally, a hypothetical fast-forward breeding pipeline has been provided, that could assist the breeders to successfully develop varieties with improved seed longevity in legumes.

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The Seed and the Metabolism Regulation

Cited by 44 publications

References 116 publications

Exogenous seed treatment with proline and its consequences to Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst) seedling establishment

Exogenous seed treatment with proline and its consequences to Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst) seedling establishment

Exploring Breakthroughs in Three Traits Belonging to Seed Life

Seed Longevity in Legumes: Deeper Insights Into Mechanisms and Molecular Perspectives

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