The secret lives of Drosophila flies

Markow, Therese A.

doi:10.7554/elife.06793

Cited by 183 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…However, the banana diet also has a high C/N ratio (C/N ratio = 59.59), but the fi tness components did not differ signifi cantly from those recorded for the strain reared on the standard diet, or on the tomato diet (which had the smallest C/N ratio). As eggs and larvae are more sessile than adult fl ies, it is expected that their oviposition behaviour and selection of pupation sites has been strongly selected for (Markow, 2015). However, Jaenike (1983), reports that females lay more eggs on apple than on tomato, although our study indicates that the apple diet had "the lowest" quality in terms of both larval development and egg-to-adult survival.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

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Fitness traits of Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae) after long-term laboratory rearing on different diets

Trajković¹,

Vujić²,

Miličić³

et al. 2017

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. Nutrition is one of the most important environmental factors that infl uence the development and growth in Drosophila. The food composition strongly affects their reproduction, welfare and survival, so it is necessary for fl ies to search for a mixture of macronutrients that maximizes their fi tness. We have fi ve D. melanogaster strains, which were reared for 13 years on fi ve different substrates: standard cornmeal-agar-sugar-yeast medium and four substrates modifi ed by adding tomato, banana, carrot and apple. This study was aimed at determining how such long-term rearing of fl ies on substrates with different protein content affects fi tness traits (dynamics of eclosion, developmental time and egg-to-adult survival). Further, we determined how transferring fl ies reared on fruit/vegetable substrates to a standard laboratory diet affected their fi tness. Results indicate that strains reared on the diet with the lowest content of protein and the highest C/N ratio had the slowest eclosion and developmental time, and lowest egg-to-adult survival (apple diet). The fl ies reared on the diet with the highest protein content and the lowest C/N ratio had the highest survival (tomato diet). Flies reared on the carrot diet, which is quite similar in protein content and C/N ratio to the standard cornmeal diet, had the fastest development. Transferring fl ies to the standard cornmeal diet accelerate eclosion and developmental time, but did not affect survival.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 51%

“…melanogaster is a generalist that uses different fruits and vegetables for both feeding and reproduction (Shorrocks, 1972;Markow, 2015). Certain amounts of protein, carbohydrate, lipid, vitamins and minerals are essential for growth and survival of juveniles (Simpson & Raubenheimer, 1993;Simpson et al, 2004).…”

Section: Fly Strains and Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fitness traits of Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae) after long-term laboratory rearing on different diets

Trajković¹,

Vujić²,

Miličić³

et al. 2017

Eur. J. Entomol.

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“…Several more Drosophila species genomes are available through the efforts of individual labs (e.g., Garrigan et al 2012;Zhou and Bachtrog 2012;Nolte et al 2013;Guillen et al 2014) ( Figure 3B). The large number of sequenced Drosophila genomes provides an important resource for comparative genomics and offers a powerful approach to the discovery of functional elements in genomes and their evolution (Singh et al 2009), and ecological genomics (Markow 2015).…”

Section: Drosophila As a Model For Comparative Genomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics on the Fly: A Primer on theDrosophilaModel System

et al. 2015

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Fruit flies of the genus Drosophila have been an attractive and effective genetic model organism since Thomas Hunt Morgan and colleagues made seminal discoveries with them a century ago. Work with Drosophila has enabled dramatic advances in cell and developmental biology, neurobiology and behavior, molecular biology, evolutionary and population genetics, and other fields. With more tissue types and observable behaviors than in other short-generation model organisms, and with vast genome data available for many species within the genus, the fly's tractable complexity will continue to enable exciting opportunities to explore mechanisms of complex developmental programs, behaviors, and broader evolutionary questions. This primer describes the organism's natural history, the features of sequenced genomes within the genus, the wide range of available genetic tools and online resources, the types of biological questions Drosophila can help address, and historical milestones.

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“…This community of yeasts and primarily lactic acid and acetic acid bacteria is reflective of the fermentative substrates in which flies live and feed [13,[47][48][49][50]. The most common bacterial members of the D. melanogaster microbiome belong to the Lactobacillus and Acetobacter/ Gluconobacter genera, with Lactobacillus plantarum, L. brevis and Acetobacter pomorum and A. pasteurianus as the most consistently associated species across laboratories and diets.…”

Section: Drosophila Gut Physiology and Gut-associated Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Friend, foe or food? Recognition and the role of antimicrobial peptides in gut immunity and Drosophila –microbe interactions

Broderick

2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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One contribution of 13 to a theme issue 'Evolutionary ecology of arthropod antimicrobial peptides'. Drosophila melanogaster lives, breeds and feeds on fermenting fruit, an environment that supports a high density, and often a diversity, of microorganisms. This association with such dense microbe-rich environments has been proposed as a reason that D. melanogaster evolved a diverse and potent antimicrobial peptide (AMP) response to microorganisms, especially to combat potential pathogens that might occupy this niche. Yet, like most animals, D. melanogaster also lives in close association with the beneficial microbes that comprise its microbiota, or microbiome, and recent studies have shown that antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) of the epithelial immune response play an important role in dictating these interactions and controlling the host response to gut microbiota. Moreover, D. melanogaster also eats microbes for food, consuming fermentative microbes of decaying plant material and their by-products as both larvae and adults. The processes of nutrient acquisition and host defence are remarkably similar and use shared functions for microbe detection and response, an observation that has led to the proposal that the digestive and immune systems have a common evolutionary origin. In this manner, D. melanogaster provides a powerful model to understand how, and whether, hosts differentiate between the microbes they encounter across this spectrum of associations.This article is part of the themed issue 'Evolutionary ecology of arthropod antimicrobial peptides'.

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The secret lives of Drosophila flies

Cited by 183 publications

References 59 publications

Fitness traits of Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae) after long-term laboratory rearing on different diets

Fitness traits of Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae) after long-term laboratory rearing on different diets

Genetics on the Fly: A Primer on theDrosophilaModel System

Friend, foe or food? Recognition and the role of antimicrobial peptides in gut immunity and Drosophila –microbe interactions

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