The Second Law of Thermodynamics and Host-Tumor Relationships: Concepts and Opportunities

Molnár, Joséph; Varga, Zoltan G.; Thornton-Benko, Elysia; Thornton, Barry

doi:10.5772/12973

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…They estimated that cancer cells produce 10 percent less entropy per mole of glucose in comparison to normal cells and concluded that it may accomplish the minimum entropy production theorem of Prigogine. However, according to previously published papers [2][3][4], it seems that there are two errors both in the method of estimation and conclusion.…”

confidence: 99%

Comment on: The cancer Warburg effect may be a testable example of the minimum entropy production rate principle

Ghuchani

2018

Phys. Biol.

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This comment argues against the view that cancer cells produce less entropy than normal cells as stated in a recent paper by Marín and Sabater. The basic principle of estimation of entropy production rate in a living cell is discussed, emphasizing the fact that entropy production depends on both the amount of heat exchange during the metabolism and the entropy difference between products and substrates.

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confidence: 99%

Comment on: The cancer Warburg effect may be a testable example of the minimum entropy production rate principle

Ghuchani

2018

Phys. Biol.

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“…In recent decades, it has become clear that a cell is a thermodynamically open system (Alberts et al, 2011) that is far from thermodynamic equilibrium, and it is generally accepted that such systems need a permanent supply of energy for self-preservation (Alberts et al, 2011; Molnar et al, 2011; Davies et al, 2013; Gatenby and Frieden, 2013; Tarabichi et al, 2013). For that reason, cells permanently ingest fuels (e.g., glucose, oxygen) and generate energy-bearing molecules (e.g., ATP, GTP) mainly by respiration (Alberts et al, 2011).…”

Section: Basic Principles Of Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the cell loses efficiency and if that change provokes further disorder, then efficiency will decrease simultaneously. The decrease of efficiency must be associated with an increased release of heat and, in fact, tumor cells are characterized by an increased production and release of heat (Molnar et al, 2011). The cell has the opportunity to compensate for this situation through various mechanisms (see below) and it is this interplay of persisting or increasing disorder, alongside cellular reactions that try to preserve life, which characterizes metastability.…”

Section: Entropy and Irreversible Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Origin of Cancer: An Information, Energy, and Matter Disease

Hanselmann

Welter

2016

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Cells are open, highly ordered systems that are far away from equilibrium. For this reason, the first function of any cell is to prevent the permanent threat of disintegration that is described by thermodynamic laws and to preserve highly ordered cell characteristics such as structures, the cell cycle, or metabolism. In this context, three basic categories play a central role: energy, information, and matter. Each of these three categories is equally important to the cell and they are reciprocally dependent. We therefore suggest that energy loss (e.g., through impaired mitochondria) or disturbance of information (e.g., through mutations or aneuploidy) or changes in the composition or distribution of matter (e.g., through micro-environmental changes or toxic agents) can irreversibly disturb molecular mechanisms, leading to increased local entropy of cellular functions and structures. In terms of physics, changes to these normally highly ordered reaction probabilities lead to a state that is irreversibly biologically imbalanced, but that is thermodynamically more stable. This primary change—independent of the initiator—now provokes and drives a complex interplay between the availability of energy, the composition, and distribution of matter and increasing information disturbance that is dependent upon reactions that try to overcome or stabilize this intracellular, irreversible disorder described by entropy. Because a return to the original ordered state is not possible for thermodynamic reasons, the cells either die or else they persist in a metastable state. In the latter case, they enter into a self-driven adaptive and evolutionary process that generates a progression of disordered cells and that results in a broad spectrum of progeny with different characteristics. Possibly, 1 day, one of these cells will show an autonomous and aggressive behavior—it will be a cancer cell.

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“…The second law of thermodynamics accounts for the dissipation of energy via entropy production in any process, including the living organisms (Schrödinger, 1944). Organisms manage a combined entropy process in every constituent of their systems, a change in any subsystem affects others and the entire system (Schrödinger, 1944;Luo, 2009;Molnar et al, 2011;Boregowda et al, 2012;Garland, 2013). Entropy generation in organisms was extensively studied (Prigogine and Wiame, 1946;Zotin and Zotina, 1967;Balmer, 1982;Aoki, 1994;Rahman, 2007;Silva and Annamalai, 2008;Silva and Annamalai, 2009;Neto et al, 2010); while some of the recent studies have been focusing explicitly on exercise (Rahman, 2007;Silva and Annamalai, 2008;Silva and Annamalai, 2009;Neto et al, 2010;Henriques et al, 2014) some of them were also referred to as valuable tools in physiology (Muñoz-Diosdado and Galvez-Coyt, 2010;Uehara and Koibuchi, 2011;Davogustto and Taegtmeyer, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the work efficiency with exergy method in ageing muscles and healthy and enlarged hearts

Çatak

Özilgen

Olcay

et al. 2018

IJEX

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Thermodynamic aspects of skeletal and cardiac muscle work performance are assessed with the data obtained from the literature. Since the second law muscle work efficiency decreases with declining metabolic energy conversion efficiency in the mitochondria, followed by structural failure of the muscles during ageing, the thermodynamic aspects of the muscle work ageing process were simulated by incorporating the decreasing second law muscle work efficiency with the exercise data obtained with the healthy young adults. Within limits of the data analysed here, glucose utilisation ability of the cardiac muscle appears to be the most critical factor determining its work performance. The left and the right ventricles of the enlarged heart had the ability of utilising approximately 3.5 and 2.7 times less glucose, respectively, than their healthy counterparts. The work performance and the entropy generation by the enlarged and the healthy hearts maintained the same ratios. 2 J. Çatak et al.

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The Second Law of Thermodynamics and Host-Tumor Relationships: Concepts and Opportunities

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Comment on: The cancer Warburg effect may be a testable example of the minimum entropy production rate principle

Comment on: The cancer Warburg effect may be a testable example of the minimum entropy production rate principle

Origin of Cancer: An Information, Energy, and Matter Disease

Assessment of the work efficiency with exergy method in ageing muscles and healthy and enlarged hearts

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