The second eradication: Rinderpest

Moutou, François

doi:10.1007/s13149-014-0336-y

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Vaccination is a potentially powerful preventive response against endemic infections, with two major infectious diseases, smallpox in humans and rinderpest in bovines, having already been eradicated through vaccination campaigns 1 2 3 . However, the impact of vaccination programs has not always met expectations 4 5 6 , with its impact varying widely according to the setting in which it is introduced, making policy decision-making challenging 7 8 9 10 11 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination Programs for Endemic Infections: Modelling Real versus Apparent Impacts of Vaccine and Infection Characteristics

Ragonnet

Trauer

Denholm

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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Vaccine effect, as measured in clinical trials, may not accurately reflect population-level impact. Furthermore, little is known about how sensitive apparent or real vaccine impacts are to factors such as the risk of re-infection or the mechanism of protection. We present a dynamic compartmental model to simulate vaccination for endemic infections. Several measures of effectiveness are calculated to compare the real and apparent impact of vaccination, and assess the effect of a range of infection and vaccine characteristics on these measures. Although broadly correlated, measures of real and apparent vaccine effectiveness can differ widely. Vaccine impact is markedly underestimated when primary infection provides partial natural immunity, when coverage is high and when post-vaccination infectiousness is reduced. Despite equivalent efficacy, ‘all or nothing’ vaccines are more effective than ‘leaky’ vaccines, particularly in settings with high risk of re-infection and transmissibility. Latent periods result in greater real impacts when risk of re-infection is high, but this effect diminishes if partial natural immunity is assumed. Assessments of population-level vaccine effects against endemic infections from clinical trials may be significantly biased, and vaccine and infection characteristics should be considered when modelling outcomes of vaccination programs, as their impact may be dramatic.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination Programs for Endemic Infections: Modelling Real versus Apparent Impacts of Vaccine and Infection Characteristics

Ragonnet

Trauer

Denholm

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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“…Moreover, no infectious disease has ever been globally eradicated by therapy alone. Indeed Rinderpest and smallpox eradication were only possible through vaccination [ 7 , 8 ]. Even with a vaccine, eradication is not guaranteed: poliovirus continues to cause paralytic disease in several nations including Pakistan, Afghanistan, Nigeria, and Somalia [ 9 ].…”

Section: Chronic Inflammation: the Case For Hcvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Products as Tools for Defining How Cellular Metabolism Influences Cellular Immune and Inflammatory Function during Chronic Infection

Lovelace

Polyak

2015

Viruses

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Chronic viral infections like those caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cause disease that establishes an ongoing state of chronic inflammation. While there have been tremendous improvements towards curing HCV with directly acting antiviral agents (DAA) and keeping HIV viral loads below detection with antiretroviral therapy (ART), there is still a need to control inflammation in these diseases. Recent studies indicate that many natural products like curcumin, resveratrol and silymarin alter cellular metabolism and signal transduction pathways via enzymes such as adenosine monophosphate kinase (AMPK) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), and these pathways directly influence cellular inflammatory status (such as NF-κB) and immune function. Natural products represent a vast toolkit to dissect and define how cellular metabolism controls cellular immune and inflammatory function.

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Lessons Learned From Developing an Eradication Investment Case for Lymphatic Filariasis

Kastner

Stone

Steinmann

et al. 2016

Mathematical Models for Neglected Tropical Diseases - Essential Tools for Control and Elimination, Part B

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The second eradication: Rinderpest

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Vaccination Programs for Endemic Infections: Modelling Real versus Apparent Impacts of Vaccine and Infection Characteristics

Vaccination Programs for Endemic Infections: Modelling Real versus Apparent Impacts of Vaccine and Infection Characteristics

Natural Products as Tools for Defining How Cellular Metabolism Influences Cellular Immune and Inflammatory Function during Chronic Infection

Lessons Learned From Developing an Eradication Investment Case for Lymphatic Filariasis

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