The Seasonal Abundance of Phlebotomine Sand Flies, Lutzomyia Species in Florida

Mann, Rajinder S.; Kaufman, Phillip E.

doi:10.2987/09-5901.1

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Notwithstanding, Branco et al [11] reported highest sand fly density in central Portugal associated to highest average monthly temperature, lowest RH and absence of strong wind. A similar relationship between temperature and RH and the abundance of the sand fly Lutzomyia shannoni was reported in Florida in the USA [27]. Rainfall and RH were also negatively associated with sand fly activity in other Mediterranean regions [10, 28, 29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Understanding Phlebotomus perniciosus abundance in south-east Spain: assessing the role of environmental and anthropic factors

et al. 2017

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BackgroundLeishmaniosis is associated with Phlebotomus sand fly vector density, but our knowledge of the environmental framework that regulates highly overdispersed vector abundance distributions is limited. We used a standardized sampling procedure in the bioclimatically diverse Murcia Region in Spain and multilevel regression models for count data to estimate P. perniciosus abundance in relation to environmental and anthropic factors.MethodsTwenty-five dog and sheep premises were sampled for sand flies using adhesive and light-attraction traps, from late May to early October 2015. Temperature, relative humidity and other animal- and premise-related data recorded on site and other environmental data were extracted from digital databases using a geographical information system. The relationship between sand fly abundance and explanatory variables was analysed using binomial regression models.ResultsThe total number of sand flies captured, mostly with light-attraction traps, was 3,644 specimens, including 80% P. perniciosus, the main L. infantum vector in Spain. Abundance varied between and within zones and was positively associated with increasing altitude from 0 to 900 m above sea level, except from 500 to 700 m where it was low. Populations peaked in July and especially during a 3-day heat wave when relative humidity and wind speed plummeted. Regression models indicated that climate and not land use or soil characteristics have the greatest impact on this species density on a large geographical scale. In contrast, micro-environmental factors such as animal building characteristics and husbandry practices affect sand fly population size on a smaller scale.ConclusionsA standardised sampling procedure and statistical analysis for highly overdispersed distributions allow reliable estimation of P. perniciosus abundance and identification of environmental drivers. While climatic variables have the greatest impact at macro-environmental scale, anthropic factors may be determinant at a micro-geographical scale. These finding may be used to elaborate predictive distribution maps useful for vector and pathogen control programs.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2135-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Understanding Phlebotomus perniciosus abundance in south-east Spain: assessing the role of environmental and anthropic factors

et al. 2017

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“…In contrast to what has been reported for Lu. shannoni in Florida (Mann and Kaufman 2010), no sand flies were trapped after October 8 th in KS, suggesting that they undergo diapause to survive the winter months. We expect this to also be the case in Missouri.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Report of Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Kansas and Missouri, and a PCR Method to Distinguish <I>Lutzomyia shannoni</I> From <I>Lutzomyia vexator</I>

et al. 2012

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Sand flies Lutzomyia (Psathyromyia) shannoni (Dyar) and Lu. (Helcocyrtomyia) vexator (Coquillet) were collected for the first time in southwest Missouri and southeast Kansas, expanding the known range of these species in North America. Altogether, 680 sand flies (356 males and 324 females) were collected during trapping from May through October 2011 and identified using morphological characters. Of the total sand flies collected 315 were identified as Lu. shannoni, with 181 individuals (or 26.6% of all sand flies) trapped in Missouri and 134 individuals (or 19.7%) trapped in Kansas. Whereas 358 Lu. vexator were identified from SW MO, only a single specimen was trapped in SE KS. One male Lu. vexator with asymmetric gonostyli was trapped in Missouri. We also developed a PCR protocol to consistently and accurately distinguish Lu. shannoni from Lu. vexator based on presence or absence of a 416bp fragment from the cytochrome oxidase I gene.

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“…Lutzomyia shannoni (Dyar), the most anthropophilic species in the United States (Young and Perkins 1984), is no exception. Recent detection surveys have expanded the known range of this species northward by several hundred kilometers (Haddow et al 2008, Minter et al 2009) and other studies have revealed some information regarding temporal activity and trap capture of L. shannoni (Brinson et al 1992, Comer et al 1994, Minter et al 2009, Mann et al 2009, Minter 2010, Mann and Kaufmann 2010, Minter and Brown 2010.…”

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confidence: 98%

Investigation of Habitat Effects on the Spatial Distribution of Lutzomyia shannoni Across Heterogeneous Environments, With Note of Respective Mosquito Species Compositions

2011

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Sand flies are small blood feeding dipterans that are primary vectors of numerous human and livestock pathogens. Control efforts are often complex and multidimensional. A fundamental step in the development and implementation of any integrated pest management (IPM) program is the refining of effective surveillance and identification techniques. Before this study, the presence of two species, Lutzomyia shannoni (Dyar) and Lutzomyia vexator (Coquillett) became known in Kentucky and surrounding states. To understand the spatial distribution of these species across heterogeneous landscapes in this region, trapping was conducted at random locations in previously designated habitats. Although a lack of clear data prevented any conclusions to be drawn for the preferences of L. vexator, the species of greater medical and veterinary importance, L. shannoni, was documented to show a strong preference for habitats along the wooded edges of pasture lands. In the region of study, these lands are frequently used in the production of beef cattle and other livestock, reinforcing the veterinary significance of the findings. Because of their familiarity to vector control officials and operators, mosquito species compositions were compared with the recorded abundance of L. shannoni across the varied habitats. The linking of this information should prove useful to management plans for the phlebotomine, if warranted in the future.

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The Seasonal Abundance of Phlebotomine Sand Flies, Lutzomyia Species in Florida

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Understanding Phlebotomus perniciosus abundance in south-east Spain: assessing the role of environmental and anthropic factors

Understanding Phlebotomus perniciosus abundance in south-east Spain: assessing the role of environmental and anthropic factors

First Report of Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Kansas and Missouri, and a PCR Method to Distinguish <I>Lutzomyia shannoni</I> From <I>Lutzomyia vexator</I>

Investigation of Habitat Effects on the Spatial Distribution of Lutzomyia shannoni Across Heterogeneous Environments, With Note of Respective Mosquito Species Compositions

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