The search for an economical and environmentally friendly ironmaking process

Lu, W.-K.

doi:10.1007/s11663-001-0062-2

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…resulting in re-oxidation of sponge iron. 8) This picture (see Fig. 2) suggests the possibility that a very hot and fully oxidized flame may be used to give a very fast heat transfer without re-oxidation of DRI, provided the protective gas flow is maintained above certain linear velocities over a certain period of reaction time.…”

Section: The Reactor For the Processing Of Ccioamentioning

confidence: 97%

“…7) In a recent article, the common features of these plants in the processing of CCIOA are reviewed and examined. 8) suggested that in the reduction of a bed of CCIOA, gases generated in the bed will rise to the top with a linear velocity depending on the rate of gas generation. This upward flow of gas (which will not be oxidizing with respect to metallic iron under local conditions) will hinder the penetration of gases from the flame to the top and the interior of the bed, i.e.…”

Section: The Reactor For the Processing Of Ccioamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their results concluded that CCIOA with medium volatile coal in a relatively tall bed of CCIOA could be reduced under an oxidizing flame of 1 500°C to produce DRI of high degree of metallization and density. 8,9) A research proposal based on early results obtained in an electrically heated muffle furnace at McMaster University was submitted to the American Iron and Steel Institute in March 1998 for funding to conduct research work under more relevant conditions. The proposal was accepted and the project of "AISI TRP-9810 Technology of Low Coal Rate and High Productivity RHF Ironmaking" started at McMaster University in April 1999.…”

Section: The Reactor For the Processing Of Ccioamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proposal was accepted and the project of "AISI TRP-9810 Technology of Low Coal Rate and High Productivity RHF Ironmaking" started at McMaster University in April 1999. 8) A specially designed, natural gas-fired furnace, with heat size of 6 to 7 kg of green balls in a bed of 120 mm height, was used to process mainly iron ores. The results were judged to be very good and the confirmation of these data in an industrial setting was sought.…”

Section: The Reactor For the Processing Of Ccioamentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Evolution of Ironmaking Process Based on Coal-Containing Iron Ore Agglomerates.

Huang

2001

ISIJ International

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Fundamentals of kinetics and mechanisms of iron oxide reduction of indurated pellets by reducing gases and of coal-containing iron ore composites, are reviewed. The gaseous products of the latter can be used to protect sponge iron from re-oxidation by a fully oxidized flame, provided the bed height of coal-containing iron ore agglomerates and the flame temperature are sufficiently high. Potential operational problems in RHF (Rotary Hearth Furnace) for tall beds and high flame temperature are discussed and a new hearth furnace, the Paired Straight Hearth (PSH) Furnace, is proposed.

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Section: The Reactor For the Processing Of Ccioamentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: The Reactor For the Processing Of Ccioamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Reactor For the Processing Of Ccioamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Reactor For the Processing Of Ccioamentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Evolution of Ironmaking Process Based on Coal-Containing Iron Ore Agglomerates.

Huang

2001

ISIJ International

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“…1) Fluidized beds are well suited for processing the finely sized raw materials, due to the good gas-solid mixing, high heat transfer speed and large specific surface area. However, the development of fluidized bed iron-making process is largely dominated by the sticking problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Coating Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub> with Heterogeneous Deposition Method on Sticking during Fluidized Bed Reduction of Iron Ore

et al. 2016

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The aim is exploring a new MgO heterogeneous deposition coating method to increase the coating amount, and investigating its sticking prevention effect on the fluidized bed reduction of iron ore. The pure Fe 2 O 3 or iron ore particles were coated with Mg(OH) 2 using the heterogeneous deposition coating method. In order to restrain the homogeneous nucleation and promote the heterogeneous nucleation during precipitation, the NH 4 Cl-NH 3 ·H 2 O pH buffer solution was employed to adjust the OH − concentration. The actual MgO coating amount on the particle surface has been improved to 3.8 wt%, and the sticking problem of Hualian iron ore during fluidized reduction can be avoided with the MgO coating amount of 0.91 wt%. This coating method achieved a satisfactory uniformity of the coating film, and there was nearly no uncoated part on the coated particle surface. The combination strength between the coating layer and particles' surface with different coating methods was investigated via a blowing system, and it was concluded that the solution and heterogeneous deposition coating methods could achieve a higher coating strength than the dry or slurry coating methods.

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Composite Pellets – A Potential Raw Material for Iron‐Making

Ahmed

Nurni

Björkman

2013

steel research int.

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Coke constitutes the major portion of iron-making cost and its production causes severe environmental concerns. In addition, lower energy consumption, lower CO 2 emission and waste recycling are driving the Iron and steel making industry to develop "coke free, zero waste or green processes". In the present article, an overview of possible ways to recognize a reasonable improvement in iron and steel making industry is summarized. The present discussion is focusing on the following approaches;1. Replacing expensive coke with relatively less expensive alternate fuels having carbon as well as significant amount of hydrogen such as coal, waste plastic and biomass materials. 2. Producing agglomerates from cheaper raw materials (secondary resources) as well as improving their performance in BF. 3. Making the process towards higher carbon utilization by shifting the wustite equilibrium towards lower CO/CO 2 ratio by using high reactive coke or catalytic activated one. 4. Recycling the unused CO in the top gas by removing CO 2 from the gas stream.Much attention has been paid to carbon composite agglomerates (CCA) as a promising raw material for future iron making. Production, mechanical and chemical suitability, reduction behavior, etc. are being elaborated. In addition, other possible ways to utilize CCA in alternate iron-making process has been explored.

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The search for an economical and environmentally friendly ironmaking process

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

The Evolution of Ironmaking Process Based on Coal-Containing Iron Ore Agglomerates.

The Evolution of Ironmaking Process Based on Coal-Containing Iron Ore Agglomerates.

Effect of Coating Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub> with Heterogeneous Deposition Method on Sticking during Fluidized Bed Reduction of Iron Ore

Composite Pellets – A Potential Raw Material for Iron‐Making

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