The sealing ability of amalgam used as a retrograde root filling in endodontic surgery

Abstract

A dye penetration technique was used to investigate the sealing ability of amalgam retrograde root fillings in vitro. A factorial design was employed to determine the effect of amalgam fillings of 1, 2 and 4 mm in length with and without prior filling of the canals with gutta-percha. The results were compared with a group of teeth filled with laterally condensed gutta-percha alone and another with laterally condensed gutta-percha plus root resection but with no retrograde filling. It was concluded that increasing the length of the amalgam filling did not improve the seal, that prior filling of the canal did not improve the seal, that retrograde root fillings were no worse than laterally condensed gutta-percha alone and that root resection of teeth filled with laterally condensed gutta-percha without retrograde filling was no worse than those filled with laterally condensed gutta-percha without root resection or retrograde root filling.

Short‐term tissue response to potential root‐end filling materials in infected root canals

“…amalgam, resulting in improved marginal adaptation and decreased leakage. Edmunds & Thirawat (1989) investigated this aspect in vitro and to their surprise, found that their assumption was wrong; all their amalgam root-end fillings exhibited maximum leakage even with a prior root canal filling present and voids were still seen at the base of the cavity of two amalgam root-end fillings. However, as argued by Edmunds & Thirawat (1989), conventional root filling, which eliminates any reservoir of infection inside the root canal, prior to placement of the root-end filling is still desirable.…”

“…Edmunds & Thirawat (1989) investigated this aspect in vitro and to their surprise, found that their assumption was wrong; all their amalgam root-end fillings exhibited maximum leakage even with a prior root canal filling present and voids were still seen at the base of the cavity of two amalgam root-end fillings. However, as argued by Edmunds & Thirawat (1989), conventional root filling, which eliminates any reservoir of infection inside the root canal, prior to placement of the root-end filling is still desirable. When Pitt Ford & Roberts (1990) investigated the periapical tissue response to glass ionomer cement rootend fillings, in the presence or absence of root canal fillings, the result showed that despite the adhesive properties of glass ionomer cement, the root-end fillings failed when the root canal itself was unfilled and exposed.…”

Retrograde root canal retreatment with pre‐bent ultrasonic files. A retrospective outcome study

“…In such cases, a more conservative resection may be preferable. A thorough examination of the literature revealed that the 3mm root-end preparation is aimed at creating appropriate space for root-end filling in an attempt to remove irritants and prevent leakage, with no attempts made to clean the root canal system further coronally (Mattison et al 1985, Vertucci & Beatty 1986, Edmunds & Thirawat 1989, King et al 1990, Yoshimura et al 1990, O'Connor et al 1995, Forte et al 1998, Gondim et al 2003.…”

Surgical Evaluation of Endodontic Treatments for Apicoectomy According to Alveolar Bone Resorption Types

“…Giheany의 연구에 따르면 수평 치근단 절제술이 사선 치근단 절제술에 비하여 미 세 노출이 감소하였다 (Giheany, 1994). Kaplan은 Coldburnish한 Gutta-percha가 아말감이나 Heat-sealed Guttapercha보다 치근단 폐쇄가 우수함을 주장하였다 (Kaplan, 1982 (Edmunds, 1989;Mattison, 1985). 각도로 작용하였다 (Carlsson, 1974).…”