The Scribble–Dlg–Lgl Module in Cell Polarity Regulation

Humbert, Patrick O.; Russell, Sarah M.; Smith, Lorey; Richardson, Helena E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-14463-4_4

Cited by 12 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 273 publications

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“…Flamingo (Fmi, vertebrate Celsr) associates with both complexes and serves to connect adjacent cells via homophilic interactions. Apicobasal polarity feeds into PCP, as members of the Scribble and Par complex physically bind core PCP components (Humbert et al, 2015;Wu and Mlodzik, 2009). For instance, Scribble stabilizes proximal Vangl localization.…”

Section: Planar Cell Polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and dynamics of cell polarity at a glance

Campanale

Sun

Montell

2017

Journal of Cell Science

170

155

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Cells exhibit morphological and molecular asymmetries that are broadly categorized as cell polarity. The cell polarity established in early embryos prefigures the macroscopic anatomical asymmetries characteristic of adult animals. For example, eggs and early embryos have polarized distributions of RNAs and proteins that generate global anterior/posterior and dorsal/ventral axes. The molecular programs that polarize embryos are subsequently reused in multiple contexts. Epithelial cells require apical/basal polarity to establish their barrier function. Migrating cells polarize in the direction of movement, creating distinct leading and trailing structures. Asymmetrically dividing stem cells partition different molecules between themselves and their daughter cells. Cell polarity can develop de novo, be maintained through rounds of cell division and be dynamically remodeled. In this Cell Science at a Glance review and poster, we describe molecular asymmetries that underlie cell polarity in several cellular contexts. We highlight multiple developmental systems that first establish cell/developmental polarity, and then maintain it. Our poster showcases repeated use of the Par, Scribble and Crumbs polarity complexes, which drive the development of cell polarity in many cell types and organisms. We then briefly discuss the diverse and dynamic changes in cell polarity that occur during cell migration, asymmetric cell division and in planar polarized tissues.

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Section: Planar Cell Polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Scribble stabilizes proximal Vangl localization. Scrib mutants display PCP defects in diverse tissues, including in mouse neural tube and lung, Drosophila larval eye and wing discs, and impaired wound healing in mammalian skin (Humbert et al, 2015).…”

Section: Planar Cell Polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and dynamics of cell polarity at a glance

Campanale

Sun

Montell

2017

Journal of Cell Science

170

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In addition, ctenophore species do not have the molecular components to form SJs and lack a Scribble homolog 23, 48 . This suggests that none of the lateral polarity proteins (Dlg, Lgl, and Par-1) can localize to the lateral cortex of the ctenophore cells and explains the cytosolic localization of MlPar-1 during the observed stages 42,45,49,101,102 .…”

Section: Par Protein Asymmetry Is Established Early But Not Maintainementioning

confidence: 93%

“…We have suggested that the polarizing activity of the Par system was already present in epithelial cells of the MRCA between Bilateria and In bilaterians, the mechanism that induces and establishes the asymmetrical localization of Par proteins in the cell cortex during early animal development remains unknown, even though the maintenance of the apicobasal cell polarity in mature epithelial tissue is carried out by a conserved and well-studied mechanism. While the Par/aPKC complex is localized to the apical cortex by its interaction with the CCC and the Crb complex 4,20,23,96,97 , the cortico-lateral localization of Par-1 depends on the stable interaction between SJs and the Scribble complex 20,23, 44,[46][47][48][49]98 . Mutations in any of these components in bilaterian embryos results in a mislocalization of polarity proteins and the disassembling of junctional complexes 4,22,45,46,48,49,[51][52][53] .…”

Section: Par Protein Asymmetry Is Established Early But Not Maintainementioning

confidence: 99%

“…E-cadherin, in turn, sequesters ß-catenin from the cytoplasm that binds to alpha-catenin (forming the Cadherin-Catenin complex; CCC) and links this protein complex to the actin cytoskeleton, thus stabilizing Adherens Junctions (AJs) 1,23,35,[37][38][39][40][41] . The maturation of AJs is essential for the maintenance of the Par/aPKC complex localization at the apical cortex that displaces members of the Scribble complex and Par-1 to basolateral localizations associated with Septate Junctions (SJs) 23, [42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] . Therefore, the regulation of AJs is critical for the maintenance of epithelial polarity and its functional regulation of epithelial physiology 21,22,36,[51][52][53] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Par protein localization during the early development ofMnemiopsis leidyisuggests different modes of epithelial organization in Metazoa

Salinas‐Saavedra

Martindale

2018

Preprint

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In bilaterians and cnidarians, embryonic and epithelial cell-polarity are regulated by the interactions between Par proteins, Wnt/PCP signaling pathway, and cell-cell adhesion. Par proteins are highly conserved across Metazoa, including ctenophores. But strikingly, ctenophore genomes lack components of the Wnt/PCP pathway and cell-cell adhesion complexes; raising the question if ctenophore cells are polarized by mechanisms involving Par proteins. Here, by using immunohistochemistry and live-cell imaging overexpression of specific mRNAs, we describe for the first time the subcellular localization of selected Par proteins in blastomeres and epithelial cells during the embryogenesis of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi. We show that these proteins distribute differently compared to what has been described for other animals, even though they segregate in a host-specific fashion when expressed in cnidarian embryos. This differential localization might be related to the emergence of different junctional complexes during metazoan evolution. Data obtained here challenge the ancestry of the apicobasal cell polarity and raise questions about the homology of epithelial tissue across the Metazoa. 0

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