The Scope of Plastic Surgery According to 2434 Allopathic Medical Students in the United States

Abstract

U.S. medical students are unaware of the true scope of plastic surgery. Early exposure to basic aspects of plastic surgery could serve as a means of increasing interest and knowledge in the field and help educate future generations of referring physicians.

Implementing the Prospective Surveillance Model (PSM) of Rehabilitation for Breast Cancer Patients with 1-Year Postoperative Follow-up, a Prospective, Observational Study

“…Effects of reconstruction on lymphedema incidence in the literature are encouraging with studies showing no adverse effects, protective effects of immediate reconstruction, and reduction of arm volume in patients with baseline lymphedema undergoing delayed reconstruction. 10,[18][19][20] In this study, there was no difference in the intervention group with respect to radiation. Data were not collected on radiation according to specific regimens, although each type of treatment may have different effects on the upper extremity.…”

Complicated breast cancer–related lymphedema: evaluating health care resource utilization and associated costs of management

“…At our institution, we further investigated the influence of immediate breast reconstruction on development of lymphedema through a propensity-matched cohort analysis of patients undergoing mastectomy and axillary dissection with or without reconstruction. 29 Our findings revealed a 20% incidence of lymphedema after axillary dissection and no difference with or without reconstruction. Although the present study likely underestimated true lymphedema incidence by focusing on lymphedema-related complications with severity necessitating hospitalization, it substantiates our previous study findings that breast reconstruction does not appear to alter lymphedema risk.…”

Constitutively Enhanced Lymphatic Pumping in the Upper Limbs of Women Who Later Develop Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema

“…[1][2][3][4] The pathophysiology of BCRL is complex and the widely held assumption of regional lymphatic obstruction to the ipsilateral upper limb following axillary trauma (stopcock hypothesis) is an incomplete explanation. Features of BCRL not readily explained by a simple stopcock (obstructive) hypothesis include sparing of many breast cancer patients despite extensive axillary lymph node surgery; the occurrence of BCRL in patients after only sentinel lymph node biopsy; delayed onset of swelling; and non-uniformity of the swelling along the upper limb.…”