The School Health Programme in Behera: an integrated helminth control programme at Governorate level in Egypt

Curtale, Filippo; Hassanein, Yehia Abd-el Wahab; Wakeel, Aly El; Barduagni, P; Savioli, Lorenzo

doi:10.1016/s0001-706x(03)00061-5

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Curtale et al (2003) reported the impact of the annual distribution of anthelminthic drugs in a school-health programme in Egypt. In that study, the prevalence of STH infection gradually dropped, from 41.4% at baseline to 23.4% after 4 years of the campaign, and then remained stable at around 16.5%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

School-based health education for the control of soil-transmitted helminthiases in Kanchanaburi province, Thailand

Anantaphruti

Waikagul

Maipanich

et al. 2008

Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology

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Soil-transmitted helminthiases are major parasitic diseases that cause health problems world-wide. School-based health education is one of several basic interventions currently recommended by the World Health Organization for the control of these infections. A 3-year programme of health education for the control of soil-transmitted helminths (STH) has recently been completed in four primary schools in the Hauykayeng subdistrict of Thong Pha Phum district, in the Kanchanaburi province of Thailand. Overall, the percentage of the schoolchildren found infected with STH increased between the start of year 1 of the intervention (16.6%) and the end of year 2 (23.8%) but showed signs of falling by the end of year 3 (19.4%). Although none of these year-on-year changes in overall prevalence was statistically significant, some significant trends were detected when the six school grades (i.e. age-groups) were considered separately. The grade showing the highest prevalence of STH infection changed, from grade 6 (representing the oldest children investigated) at the start of year 1 (when grade-1 children were excluded from the survey) to grade 1 (representing the youngest children) at the ends of year 2 and year 3. By the end of year 3, the children in grades 5 and 6 had significantly lower prevalences of infection than the grade-1 subjects. The prevalence of STH infection in the grade-1 children was significantly higher than that in any of the older grades at the end of year 2 and significantly higher than that in grades 3-6 at the end of year 3. These results indicate that the health education had a greater impact on the children in the higher grades (who, presumably had better levels of understanding and practised better, personal, infection prevention) than on the younger children. Although school-based interventions can serve as a useful entry point for parasite control, more effort, including anthelminthic treatment, may be required among the youngest children. The activities need to be sustainable and supported by appropriate school-health policies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

School-based health education for the control of soil-transmitted helminthiases in Kanchanaburi province, Thailand

Anantaphruti

Waikagul

Maipanich

et al. 2008

Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology

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“…A new era in the control of the disease in the country has started in 1988 with the distribution of praziquantel (PZQ), free of charge, to all diagnosed cases through the government health facilities. From October 1997, after a ministerial decree that authorized the distribution of PZQ without prior diagnosis, annual treatment of primary school children was implemented in all governorates of the country, and for the entire population in high-prevalence villages (Curtale et al, 2003). Until now, PZQ is the drug of choice for treatment of the disease, with the main advantages of its use being oral administration, single dose, low toxicity, and low cost (Botros et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a method for induction of praziquantel resistance inSchistosoma mansoni

Lotfy

Hishmat

Nashar

et al. 2015

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context: Praziquantel (PZQ) is a highly efficacious anthelmintic against many flatworms including schistosomes. PZQ has been in use for more than 25 years, and concern is increasing that resistance has emerged in human schistosomes in Egypt and other endemic countries. Objective: The current study was designed to evaluate a recently described method for induction of PZQ resistance in Schistosoma mansoni. Materials and methods: Successive subcurative drug treatments of Biomphalaria alexandrina snails infected with an Egyptian strain of S. mansoni were undertaken. Cercariae shed from snails exposed and unexposed to PZQ were used to infect mice. Forty-five days after infection, mice were treated with a single oral dose of PZQ in 2% aqueous solution of Cremophor-EL Õ . The concentration of PZQ was 0, 200, 400, or 800 mg/kg. Thirty-three days after treatment, all groups of mice were dissected to collect the S. mansoni worms by the perfusion technique. In addition, the oogram pattern was examined to study the production, maturity, and death of S. mansoni eggs in the different groups of mice. Results: The present study has shown that the sublethal dose for induction of PZQ resistance in the intra-molluscan S. mansoni stages was 500 mg/kg. The worm count and the percentage of immature eggs in different groups of mice were significantly affected by the intra-molluscan exposure to PZQ and the drug concentration used to treat infected mice. Discussion and conclusion: The results obtained herein confirm the possibility of using successive drug treatments of infected B. alexandrina to induce PZO resistance in S. mansoni.

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“…In Egypt, however, a triclabendazole treatment programme based on selective chemotherapy (test-and-treat) of school-age children has been implemented in six districts in the Nile Delta area since 1998 [22], [23], while in Vietnam treatment has been decentralized since 2006 and is administered in peripheral hospitals and health posts based on a simplified diagnostic protocol [AF Gabrielli, personal communication]. In Bolivia, where prevalence of infection is higher than in Egypt or Vietnam, a more inclusive strategy offering treatment to entire population sectors without individual diagnosis might be appropriate in order to reduce costs and logistics related to the implementation of screening exercises.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Administration of Triclabendazole Is Safe and Effective in Controlling Fascioliasis in an Endemic Community of the Bolivian Altiplano

Villegas¹,

Angles

Barrientos³

et al. 2012

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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BackgroundThe Bolivian northern Altiplano is characterized by a high prevalence of Fasciola hepatica infection. In order to assess the feasibility, safety and efficacy of large-scale administration of triclabendazole as an appropriate public health measure to control morbidity associated with fascioliasis, a pilot intervention was implemented in 2008.Materials and MethodsSchoolchildren from an endemic community were screened for fascioliasis and treated with a single administration of triclabendazole (10 mg/kg). Interviews to assess the occurrence of adverse events were conducted on treatment day, one week later, and one month after treatment. Further parasitological screenings were performed three months after treatment and again two months later (following a further treatment) in order to evaluate the efficacy of the intervention.ResultsNinety infected children were administered triclabendazole. Adverse events were infrequent and mild. No serious adverse events were reported. Observed cure rates were 77.8% after one treatment and 97.8% after two treatments, while egg reduction rates ranged between 74% and 90.3% after one treatment, and between 84.2% and 99.9% after two treatments. The proportion of high-intensity infections (≥400 epg) decreased from 7.8% to 1.1% after one treatment and to 0% after two treatments.ConclusionAdministration of triclabendazole is a feasible, safe and efficacious public health intervention in an endemic community in the Bolivian Altiplano, suggesting that preventive chemotherapy can be applied to control of fascioliasis. Further investigations are needed to define the most appropriate frequency of treatment.

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The School Health Programme in Behera: an integrated helminth control programme at Governorate level in Egypt

Cited by 25 publications

References 4 publications

School-based health education for the control of soil-transmitted helminthiases in Kanchanaburi province, Thailand

School-based health education for the control of soil-transmitted helminthiases in Kanchanaburi province, Thailand

Evaluation of a method for induction of praziquantel resistance inSchistosoma mansoni

Administration of Triclabendazole Is Safe and Effective in Controlling Fascioliasis in an Endemic Community of the Bolivian Altiplano

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