The SCAR READER Project: Toward a High-Quality Database of Mean Antarctic Meteorological Observations

Turner, John; Colwell, Steve; Marshall, Gareth J.; Lachlan-Cope, Tom; Carleton, Andrew M.; Jones, Phil; Lagun, V. E.; Reid, P; Iagovkina, Svetlana

doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<2890:tsrpta>2.0.co;2

Cited by 220 publications

(186 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…4 confirm that the long-term cooling signal in Fig. 15a stems mainly from the last decade in spring and summer; the other decades (in particular, 1991-2000) mostly show a warming signature, which was also discussed by Bromwich and Fogt (2004) and Turner et al (2005).…”

Section: A Seasonalitysupporting

confidence: 75%

“…To evaluate RACMO2.3 we use temperature and wind observations from the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) Reference Antarctic Data for Environmental Research (READER; Turner et al 2004) manned stations and automatic weather stations (AWS). The locations of these stations are marked in Fig.…”

Section: ) Scar-reader Stationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Output is not corrected for sensor height differences or variations (see Table 1). More information about the SCAR-READER stations and their data quality is given in Turner et al (2004). FIG.…”

Section: ) Scar-reader Stationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the past 50 years, the Antarctic Peninsula (AP) has experienced warming that is significantly greater than the rest of the Antarctic continent and possibly greater than all other regions on Earth (Turner et al 2005). This resulted in the (partial) disintegration of multiple ice shelves that fringe the AP [e.g., Larsen A, Larsen B, and parts of the Wilkins Ice Shelf (Cook and Vaughan 2010)].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of these time series date back to well before the International Geophysical Year of 1957-58. The automatic weather stations and the manned stations combined now provide a reasonable spatial coverage of the AP (Turner et al 2005). Nevertheless, large regions of the AP remain devoid of data because of the steep mountain slopes and the harsh climatic conditions, including extreme amounts of precipitation, especially on the western side (Genthon and Krinner 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature and Wind Climate of the Antarctic Peninsula as Simulated by a High-Resolution Regional Atmospheric Climate Model

et al. 2015

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Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. ABSTRACTThe latest polar version of the Regional Atmospheric Climate Model (RACMO2.3) has been applied to the Antarctic Peninsula (AP). In this study, the authors present results of a climate run at 5.5 km for the period 1979-2013, in which RACMO2.3 is forced by ERA-Interim atmospheric and ocean surface fields, using an updated AP surface topography. The model results are evaluated with near-surface temperature and wind measurements from 12 manned and automatic weather stations and vertical profiles from balloon soundings made at three stations. The seasonal cycle of near-surface temperature and wind is simulated well, with most biases still related to the limited model resolution. High-resolution climate maps of temperature and wind showing that the AP climate exhibits large spatial variability are discussed. Over the steep and high mountains of the northern AP, large west-to-east climate gradients exist, while over the gentle southern AP mountains the near-surface climate is dominated by katabatic winds. Over the flat ice shelves, where katabatic wind forcing is weak, interannual variability in temperature is largest. Finally, decadal trends of temperature and wind are presented, and it is shown that recently there has been distinct warming over the northwestern AP and cooling over the rest of the AP, related to changes in sea ice cover.

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Section: A Seasonalitysupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: ) Scar-reader Stationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ) Scar-reader Stationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature and Wind Climate of the Antarctic Peninsula as Simulated by a High-Resolution Regional Atmospheric Climate Model

et al. 2015

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South Pacific circulation changes and their connection to the tropics and regional Antarctic warming in austral spring, 1979–2012

Clem

Fogt

2015

JGR Atmospheres

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Antarctic station‐based seasonal pressure reconstructions since 1905: 1. Reconstruction evaluation

et al. 2016

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Seasonal mean Antarctic pressures at 17 stations are reconstructed based on the method of principal component regression, employing midlatitude pressure data as predictors. Several reconstruction methods were performed in order to assess the stability and reliability of the reconstructions obtained, including performing the reconstructions over a shorter 30 year window and withholding the remaining data for an independent validation. Generally, there were small differences between the various approaches, but typically reconstructions conducted on data with the trends still present and over the full period of observations achieved the highest skill. Seasonally, reconstruction skill was high in austral summer across the entire Antarctic continent. Reconstructions that employed gridded pressure data over oceans as well as the observations (here termed “pseudoreconstructions”) also performed remarkably well in austral winter. Spatially, the reconstruction skill was highest near the Antarctic Peninsula in all seasons, and weakest in coastal East Antarctica and the Antarctic Interior during austral spring and autumn; the spatial variability of the skill in part reflects the distance to the nearest midlatitude predictor. Nonetheless, for nearly all seasons and locations the observed trends since 1957 were well captured by the reconstructions, as was the low‐frequency decadal‐scale variability. These results suggest Antarctic pressure observations can be extended throughout the twentieth century with high confidence, especially in summer, allowing for a more precise understanding of the role and magnitude of natural atmospheric circulation variability across Antarctica.

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The SCAR READER Project: Toward a High-Quality Database of Mean Antarctic Meteorological Observations

Cited by 220 publications

References 12 publications

Temperature and Wind Climate of the Antarctic Peninsula as Simulated by a High-Resolution Regional Atmospheric Climate Model

Temperature and Wind Climate of the Antarctic Peninsula as Simulated by a High-Resolution Regional Atmospheric Climate Model

South Pacific circulation changes and their connection to the tropics and regional Antarctic warming in austral spring, 1979–2012

Antarctic station‐based seasonal pressure reconstructions since 1905: 1. Reconstruction evaluation

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