The Satellite DNA Catalogues of Two Serrasalmidae (Teleostei, Characiformes): Conservation of General satDNA Features over 30 Million Years

Abstract

Satellite DNAs (satDNAs) are tandemly repeated sequences that are usually located on the heterochromatin, and the entire collection of satDNAs within a genome is called satellitome. Primarily, these sequences are not under selective pressure and evolve by concerted evolution, resulting in elevated rates of divergence between the satDNA profiles of reproductive isolated species/populations. Here, we characterized two additional satellitomes of Characiformes fish (Colossoma macropomum and Piaractus mesopotamicus) that diverged approximately 30 million years ago, while still retaining conserved karyotype features. The results we obtained indicated that several satDNAs (50% of satellite sequences in P. mesopotamicus and 43% in C. macropomum) show levels of conservation between the analyzed species, in the nucleotide and chromosomal levels. We propose that long-life cycles and few genomic changes could slow down rates of satDNA differentiation.

Conserved satellite DNA motif and lack of interstitial telomeric sites in highly rearranged African Nothobranchius killifish karyotypes

“…Finally, we have also taken into account that the obtained signal patterns might have been affected by a possible gradual sequence divergence of the Nfu‐SatC motif among Nothobranchus species (cf. Camacho et al, 2022; Goes et al, 2023), which could lead to reduced signal patterns in certain species, populations, and/or chromosomal regions. However, given that we analysed the Nfu‐SatC sequence only in N. furzeri and N. kadleci (Štundlová et al, 2022), we cannot further comment on this issue.…”

“…Satellitome analyses in teleosts helped, for instance, in characterization of fish interspecific hybrids (Marta et al, 2020), supernumerary (B) chromosomes (Serrano‐Freitas et al, 2020), and sex chromosomes (Crepaldi & Parise‐Maltempi, 2020; Kretschmer et al, 2022; Schemberger et al, 2019; Utsunomia et al, 2019). Nonetheless, the satellitome research has so far centered mainly on Neotropical characiform lineages (e.g., Goes et al, 2023; Kretschmer et al, 2022; dos Santos et al, 2021; Utsunomia et al, 2019). Therefore, to achieve a more general understanding of teleost satellitome and its impact on genome evolution, a broader spectrum of non‐related fish groups should be surveyed.…”

Fast centromeric repeat turnover provides a glimpse into satellite DNA evolution in Nothobranchius annual killifishes

“…Unfortunately, nothing is known about killifish centromeric organization outside N. furzeri and N. kadleci (Reichwald et al 2009, 2015; Štundlová et al 2022) and little is known about the centromere organization in teleost fishes in general. Rather than identifying sequences which bind centromeric proteins (Cech and Peichel 2016, Ichikawa et al 2017), the available studies have focused mainly on sequences associated with centromeres, detected either by molecular or bioinformatic methods and physically mapped by means of in situ hybridization (Ferreira et al 2010, Suntronpong et al 2020, Stornioli et al 2021, Goes et al 2022, 2023, Kretschmer et al 2022). More recently, these sequences have been inferred directly from long read sequencing data (Ichikawa et al 2017, Conte et al 2019, Varadharajan et al 2019, Tao et al 2021).…”

Following the Pathway of W Chromosome Differentiation in Triportheus (Teleostei: Characiformes)

“…This assertion is supported by the fact that despite having a ZW sex system, like C gomesi [35] and M. macrocephalus [34], our analyses do not show any similarities between the SatDNAs found in the sex chromosomes of Triportheidae and other satellitomes o Characiforms. Therefore, the SatDNAs implicated in the evolution of their sex Recently, Goes et al [54] characterized the satellitomes of the characiform fishes Colossoma macropomum and Piaractus mesopotamicus, and four TauSatDNAs were detected (TauSat06-42, TauSat19-76, TauSat16-29, and TauSat12-66) in these species; however, none of them were located on the sex chromosomes of any Triportheus species ( [37], present data). This assertion is supported by the fact that despite having a ZW sex system, like C. gomesi [35] and M. macrocephalus [34], our analyses do not show any similarities between the SatDNAs found in the sex chromosomes of Triportheidae and other satellitomes of Characiforms.…”

“…From these, only two of them (TauSat07 and TauSat08) were ubiquitously accumulated in the W chromosome of all the other Tri portheus species (Figure 4). Recently, Goes et al [54] characterized the satellitomes of the characiform fishe Colossoma macropomum and Piaractus mesopotamicus, and four TauSatDNAs were detected (TauSat06-42, TauSat19-76, TauSat16-29, and TauSat12-66) in these species; however, none of them were located on the sex chromosomes of any Triportheus species ( [37], presen data). This assertion is supported by the fact that despite having a ZW sex system, like C gomesi [35] and M. macrocephalus [34], our analyses do not show any similarities between the SatDNAs found in the sex chromosomes of Triportheidae and other satellitomes o Characiforms.…”