The SAR effects of popular jewellery on the human head

Abstract

This paper investigates the effects of metallic jewellery on the SAR in the human head. A CW dipole is placed in front of the head to represent a mobile enabled personal data assistant. The FDTD method has been used to simulate an eyebrow ring near a homogeneous SAM phantom at 1.8GHz. Measurements were made on the Loughborough SAM head with the DASY4 measurement system. Simulations were also made with eyebrow rings on the surface of the skin and pierced through the eyebrow of a heterogeneous anatomically realistic human head. Common sizes of eyebrow ring and eyebrow stud have been considered over the frequency range 0.6 to 4.6GHz. Jewellery which was small compared to a wavelength had little effect on the SAR in the head.

A study of the effects of metallic pins on SAR using a specific anthropomorphic mannequin (SAM) head phantom

“…The 3D graphic illustrates how a metal pin could be positioned to represent the crossbar of the shown glasses. Other sources of metal on the face could be from clip-on sunglasses worn over prescription glasses, rings, studs and piercings [12]. An in-house 3D FDTD code [2][3] has been written and verified against commercial software, and is used in this study.…”

A study of perturbations in linear and circular polarized antennas in close proximity to the human body and dielectric liquid filled rectangular and a cylindrical phantom at 1.8 GHz

“…Information on SAR levels associated with mobile phones and phantoms used for mobile phone testing can be found in [13][14][15].…”

The Energy Absorbed in the Human Head Due to Ring-Type Jewelry and Face-Illuminating Mobile Phones Using a Dipole and a Realistic Source

“…However, the head has also been irradiated from in front of the eye using realistic mobile phone models [3]- [5]. The authors of this paper have also briefly considered the effect of metallic jewelry on the SAR in the head [6], [7] and this paper greatly extends that work. Metallic ear rings have previously been considered with a source by the ear [8]- [10].…”