The Salt Spray Community

Boyce, Stephen G.

doi:10.2307/1943510

Cited by 284 publications

(223 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…The lowest species richness and the higher dominance in species composition of the coastal dune habitat are probably correlated to characteristics such as water stress caused by the high permeability of soil, wide daily temperature variation of the substrate, constant and strong winds, and indirect infl uence of salt spray (Boyce 1954). This hypothesis is supported by the fact that the two most frequently captured species in the dune habitat were P. biligonigerus and Odonthoprynus maisuma, burying themselves in the sand and thus, minimizing these environmental stresses (Loebmann 2005, Achaval andOlmos 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and associations between coastal habitats and anurans in southernmost Brazil

Sado

Bicudo

Cyrino

2013

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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This study aimed to verify the relationship between habitat and the composition of anuran species in dune and restinga habitats in southernmost Brazil. The habitats were sampled between April 2009 and March 2010 using pitfalls with drift fence. We have captured 13,508 individuals of 12 anuran species. Species richness was lower in the dunes and dominance was higher in the resting. Apparently the less complex plant cover, water availability, and wide daily thermal variation in dunes act as an environmental fi lter for frogs. This hypothesis is reinforced by the fact that the most abundant species (Physalaemus biligonigerus frogs. This hypothesis is reinforced by the fact that the most abundant species (Physalaemus biligonigerus frogs. This hypothesis is reinforced by the fact that the most abundant species ( and Odonthoprynus maisuma) bury themselves in the sand, minimizing these environmental stresses. Despite being in the Pampa biome, the studied community was more similar to those of coastal restinga environment of southeast Brazil than with other of the Pampa biome. The number of recorded species is similar to those observed in other open habitats in Brazil, showing the importance of adjacent ones to the shoreline for the maintenance of the diversity of anurans in southernmost Brazil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and associations between coastal habitats and anurans in southernmost Brazil

Sado

Bicudo

Cyrino

2013

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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“…This causes leaf necrosis when sodium chloride ions penetrate through small lacerations in the cuticle caused by wind buffeting, leading to ion toxicity and loss of photosynthetic tissue. Salt spray has been shown to cause far greater damage to plant tissues in dune systems than wind desiccation alone (Boyce, 1954; Clayton, 1972; Griffiths & Orians, 2003). The background level of salt exposure on coastal bluffs is punctuated regularly by periods of heavy surf and high exposure to aerosols.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frequent salt‐induced disturbance in the most exposed coastal sites may maintain high plant diversity (Baxter & Parker, 1999) by keeping the community far from competitive equilibrium (Huston, 1979; Huston & Huston, 1994). It is well established that salt deposition is a major disturbance factor structuring coastal strand vegetation at the immediate coastline (Barbour, 1978; Barbour & DeJong, 1977; Boyce, 1954). This study indicates that salt exposure is also an important factor in upland vegetation dynamics of coastal California, which must be considered along with well‐known MTC ecosystem disturbance factors such as fire and grazing (Cowling, Rundel, Lamont, Arroyo, & Arianoutsou, 1996; Grace & Keeley, 2006; Harrison et al., 2003; Naveh & Whittaker, 1980).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local patterns of diversity in California northern coastal scrub

Wrubel

Parker

2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Within global biodiversity hotspots such as the California Floristic Province, local patterns of diversity must be better understood to prioritize conservation for the greatest number of species. This study investigates patterns of vascular plant diversity in relation to coast–inland environmental gradients in the shrublands of Central California known as northern coastal scrub. We sampled coastal shrublands of the San Francisco Bay Area at coastal and inland locations, modeled fine‐scale climatic variables, and developed an index for local exposure to maritime salts. We compared diversity, composition, and structure of the coastal and inland plots using indirect gradient analysis and estimated species accumulation using rarefaction curves. Coastal plots were significantly higher in alpha, beta, and gamma diversity than inland plots. Plant diversity (effective species number) in coastal plots was 2.1 times greater than inland plots, and beta diversity was 1.9 times greater. Estimated richness by rarefaction was 2.05 times greater in coastal sites than inland sites. Salt deposition and water availability were the abiotic process most strongly correlated with increased maritime plant diversity and compositional differences. Stands of northern coastal scrub on the immediate coast with higher maritime influence exhibit markedly higher plant diversity than most interior stands, paralleling previous work in other vegetation types in this region. These studies suggest that the California coastline deserves special consideration for botanical conservation. Fine‐scale climatic models of cloud frequency, water availability, and the salt deposition index presented here can be used to define priority areas for plant conservation in California and other coastal regions worldwide.

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“…The smooth, uniform surface of the cushion and its shape minimize the amount of salt spray intercepted; any shoot that extends beyond the common smooth surface will be exposed to a higher load of salt spray. The only reference I know dealing with this in Limonium is Schweingruber et al (2006) for Limonium caprariense (Font Quer & Marcos) Pignatti, but the general phenomenon is dealt with by Boyce (1954). In the genus Limonium, clearly the cushion habit is more likely to be found in species which can occur in the salt spray zone than in species like Limonium vulgare which occur only in saltmarshes.…”

Section: Limonium and The Cushion Habitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limonium hyblaeum (Plumbaginaceae), a cushion plant invading coastal southern Australia.

Parsons¹

2013

Cunninghamia

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Abstract:The Sicilian endemic herbaceous perennial plant Limonium hyblaeum (family Plumbaginaceae) is rapidly becoming a serious weed in South Australia and Victoria, where it invades saltmarshes and rocky coastal sites exposed to salt spray. It has small, light seeds that float and remain viable in sea water and which can also be dispersed readily by wind, animals and vehicles. It can form dense, extensive mats and buds sprouting from rhizomes allow encroachment into dense native vegetation. It seems certain to be apomictic and is readily able to become dominant. Forming dense, compact cushions which accumulate large amounts of fibrous peat, Limonium hyblaeum is the first cushion plant to become naturalized in Australia; the importance of the cushion habit as an adaptation to salt spray is under-appreciated.Some control measures for Limonium hyblaeum have begun in Victoria, but much remains to be done there and in the other southern Australian states; a ban on the sale of the species by nurseries is urgently required.

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The Salt Spray Community

Cited by 284 publications

References 64 publications

Diversity and associations between coastal habitats and anurans in southernmost Brazil

Diversity and associations between coastal habitats and anurans in southernmost Brazil

Local patterns of diversity in California northern coastal scrub

Limonium hyblaeum (Plumbaginaceae), a cushion plant invading coastal southern Australia.

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