The Salt Marsh Sand Fly Problem (Culicoides).1

Dove, W. E.; Hall, David G.; Hull, J. B.

doi:10.1093/aesa/25.3.505

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The early, and generally unsuccessful, uses of organochlorines against Culicoides were reviewed by Dove et al (1932) and Kettle (1962); in any case, these insecticides have long since been withdrawn from use in the U.K. and Europe. More recently, various OP and SP insecticides applied by aerial ultra‐low‐volume (ULV) methods have been used to reduce biting nuisance levels.…”

Section: Adulticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control techniques for Culicoides biting midges and their application in the U.K. and northwestern Palaearctic

Carpenter

Mellor

Torr

2008

Medical Vet Entomology

142

120

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The recent emergence of bluetongue virus (Reoviridae: Orbivirus) (BTV) in northern Europe, for the first time in recorded history, has led to an urgent need for methods to control the disease caused by this virus and the midges that spread it. This paper reviews various methods of vector control that have been employed elsewhere and assesses their likely efficacy for controlling vectors of BTV in northern Europe. Methods of controlling Culicoides spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) have included: (a) application of insecticides and pathogens to habitats where larvae develop; (b) environmental interventions to remove larval breeding sites; (c) controlling adult midges by treating either resting sites, such as animal housing, or host animals with insecticides; (d) housing livestock in screened buildings, and (e) using repellents or host kairomones to lure and kill adult midges. The major vectors of BTV in northern Europe are species from the Culicoides obsoletus (Meigen) and Culicoides pulicaris (L.) groups, for which there are scant data on breeding habits, resting behaviour and host‐oriented responses. Consequently, there is little information on which to base a rational strategy for controlling midges or for predicting the likely impact of interventions. However, data extrapolated from the results of vector control operations conducted elsewhere, combined with some assessment of how acceptable or not different methods may be within northern Europe, indicate that the treatment of livestock and animal housing with pyrethroids, the use of midge‐proofed stabling for viraemic or high‐value animals and the promotion of good farm practice to at least partially eliminate local breeding sites are the best options currently available. Research to assess and improve the efficacy of these methods is required and, in the longer term, efforts should be made to develop better bait systems for monitoring and, possibly, controlling midges. All these studies will need better methods of analysing the ecology and behaviour of midges in the field than are currently in use. The paucity of control options and basic knowledge serve to warn us that we must be better prepared for the possible emergence of other midge‐borne diseases, particularly African horse sickness.

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Section: Adulticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control techniques for Culicoides biting midges and their application in the U.K. and northwestern Palaearctic

Carpenter

Mellor

Torr

2008

Medical Vet Entomology

142

120

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“…BEFORE the recent investigation of Hill (1947), in which eggs of Culicoides irnpunctatus Goetghebuer, C. obsoletus Meigen, and C. odibilis Austen were studied, the only records of the eggs of British species of Culicoides appear to have been those of Jobling, 1928 (C. vexans Staeger), Steward, 1933 (C. nubeculosus Meigen) and Mayer, 1934 (C. circumscriptus Kieffer). Observations on eggs of various non-British Culicoides were made by Carter, Ingram and Macfie (1920), Patel (1921), Sharp (1928), Dove, Hall and Hull (1932), and Atchley and Hull (1936).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It seems generally agreed that a blood meal is a necessary preliminary to egg-laying in Culicoides (Patel, 1921 ;Sharp, 1928 ;Dove, Hall and Hull, 1932 ;Atchley and Hull, 1936). Except when obviously gravid a t the time of capture, therefore, females to be used for supplying eggs were allowed to feed, either on the arm of the collector, or, more usually, on the ear of a lop-'Now a t the West African Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research, Kaduna, N. Nigeria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

STUDIES ON THE EGGS OF CERTAIN BITING MIDGES (CULICOIDES LATREILLE) OCCURRING IN SCOTLAND.

Parker

1950

Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London. Serie

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“…With the rapid expansion of tourism in the Caribbean, attention is being increasingly directed towards the control of biting insects near tourist beaches. In many places the beaches are adjacent to mangrove swamps or salt marshes which form some of the main breeding grounds of the sandfly Culicoides furens (Poey) (Dove et al, 1932;Davies, 1967).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory and field trials to determine the modes of action of malathion and diesel oil against Culicoides furens (Poey) (Dipt., Ceratopogonidae)

Davies

1971

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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One field and four laboratory trials were run to determine the reason for the success of 1–8% malathion in diesel oil in controlling Culicoides furens (Poey) in swamp mud in Jamaica. In the laboratory malathion and marine diesel oil (1:4000) was an effective larvicide for up to two days after application to the mud, but diesel oil alone gave only slight mortality even after six days. Judged by the emergence of adults, diesel oil gave 100% pupal mortality for five days and still showed some effect after four weeks; this effect was not improved by the addition of malathion. In the field, counts of emerging adults showed that diesel oil at 106–5 gal/acre gave 97–8% control of C. furens for up to eight weeks after application. It is concluded that, because of the possibility of pupicidal action, insecticides should be assessed on adult emergence rather than larval mortality.

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The Salt Marsh Sand Fly Problem (Culicoides).1

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Control techniques for Culicoides biting midges and their application in the U.K. and northwestern Palaearctic

Control techniques for Culicoides biting midges and their application in the U.K. and northwestern Palaearctic

STUDIES ON THE EGGS OF CERTAIN BITING MIDGES (CULICOIDES LATREILLE) OCCURRING IN SCOTLAND.

Laboratory and field trials to determine the modes of action of malathion and diesel oil against Culicoides furens (Poey) (Dipt., Ceratopogonidae)

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