The rutin catabolic pathway with special emphasis on quercetinase

Abstract

The aim of this review is to give a general account on the oxidative microbial degradation of flavonols. Since now 50 years, various research groups have deciphered the way microorganisms aerobically deal with this important class of flavonoids. Flavonols such as rutin and quercetin are abundantly found in vegetal tissues and exudates, and it was thus patent that various microorganisms will bear the enzymatic machinery necessary to cope with these vegetal secondary metabolites. After initial studies focussed on the general metabolic capacity of various microorganisms towards flavonols, the so called rutin catabolic pathway was rapidly established in moulds. Enzymes of the path as well as substrates and products were known at the beginning of the seventies. Then during 30 years, only sporadic studies were focused on this pathway, before a new burst of interest at the beginning of the new century arose with structural, genomic and theoretical studies mainly conducted towards quercetinase. This is the goal of this work to relate this 50 years journey at the crossroads of microbiology, biochemistry, genetic and chemistry. Some mention of the potential usefulness of the enzymes of the path as well as micro-organisms bearing the whole rutin catabolic pathway is also discussed.

Bioactive properties and phenolic compounds in bud, sprout, and fruit ofCapparisspp. plants

“…In previous study, caper fruits have quercetin and rutin (Conforti et al, ; Tlili, Khaldi, Triki, & Munne‐Bosch, ). However, quercetin is obtained by hydrolyse directly rutin by hesperidinase (Tranchimand, Brouant, & Iacazio, ). In previous study, rutin content of fresh Capparis spinosa cultivated in different regions was found as 13.5 mg/g (Tlili et al, ).…”

Optimised method for the analysis of phenolic compounds from caper ( Capparis spinosa L.) berries and monitoring of their changes during fermentation

“…This because rutin can be hydrolysed by a-rhamnosidase to produce quercetin-3-glucoside, and then further hydrolysed by b-glucosidase to produce quercetin (Lin et al, 2014). However, rutin can be also hydrolysed directly by hesperidinase to produce quercetin (Tranchimand, Brouant, & Iacazio, 2010).…”

α‐L‐Rhamnosyl‐β‐D‐glucosidase (Rutinosidase) from Aspergillus niger: Characterization and Synthetic Potential of a Novel Diglycosidase

“…The initial step in this catabolic pathway is the cleavage of the glycosidic bond, catalyzed by rutin-specific rutinosidases, also called rutinases. [11] A collection of 17 fungal strains was screened for extracellular rutinosidase activity using the transglycosylation assay with rutin as a donor and butanol as an acceptor (Table 1). Because the strains exhibited also a-rhamnosidase and b-glucosidase activities (releasing para-nitrophenol by the sequential hydrolysis of 8), the use of a transglycosylation assay was essential for the unambiguous detection of rutinosidase activity.…”