The Rust Fungi of Cereals, Grasses and Bamboos

Cummins, George B.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-88451-1

Cited by 186 publications

(116 citation statements)

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“…An important component of understanding the population genetics of this rust fungus will be to better define the role that asexual and sexual reproduction plays. P. emaculata has a complex life cycle (macrocyclic and heteroecious); however, the aecial host range within Euphorbia or other species is not known [32,33].…”

Section: General Observations Of Rust Occurrence and Severity Prior Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Rust Fungus, Puccinia emaculata, and Evaluation of Genetic Variability for Rust Resistance in Switchgrass Populations

Uppalapati¹,

Serba

Ishiga

et al. 2012

Bioenerg. Res.

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Several fungal pathogens have been identified on ornamental and native stands of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). Diseases of switchgrass, particularly rust, have been largely neglected and are likely to become the major limiting factor to biomass yield and quality, especially when monocultured over a large acreage. Based on teliospore morphology and internal transcribed spacer-based diagnostic primers, the rust pathogen collected from switchgrass research fields in Oklahoma was identified as Puccinia emaculata. Furthermore, to identify genetically diverse source(s) of rust resistance, several switchgrass genotypes from both upland (cv. 'Summer' and 'Cave-in-Rock') and lowland (cv. 'Alamo' and 'Kanlow') ecotypes were evaluated in Ardmore, Oklahoma during 2008 and 2009 and in growth chamber assays. Field and growth chamber evaluations revealed a high degree of genetic variation within and among switchgrass cultivars. In general, Alamo and Kanlow showed moderate resistance to P. emaculata, while Summer was highly susceptible. Distinct ecotypic variations for reactions to rust were also prevalent with the lowlands maintaining a high level of resistance. These results suggest the potential for improvement of rust resistance via the selection of resistant individuals from currently available cultivars. Further, the selection pressure on the pathogen would also be reduced by employing several rust resistant cultivars in production-scale situations.

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Section: General Observations Of Rust Occurrence and Severity Prior Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Rust Fungus, Puccinia emaculata, and Evaluation of Genetic Variability for Rust Resistance in Switchgrass Populations

Uppalapati¹,

Serba

Ishiga

et al. 2012

Bioenerg. Res.

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“…For example, the relatively hefty spores of the plant pathogenic rust fungus Puccinia graminis fsp. tritici (urediniospores 26-40 m ϫ 16-22 m; [Cummins 1971]) can travel from Southern Africa to Australia (Watson and De Sousa 1983), and the powdery mildew Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (conidia 24-35 m ϫ 12-16 m; (Braun 1995)) can travel across the North Sea from Europe to the British Isles (Brown et al 1991).…”

Section: Biogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptic Speciation in the Cosmopolitan and Clonal Human Pathogenic Fungus Aspergillus Fumigatus

et al. 2005

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Abstract. Microbes and other organisms smaller than one to a few millimeters in size are hypothesized to have global populations, in contrast to the geographically restricted ranges of larger organisms. However, fungi, which routinely have reproductive propagules no larger than 10 micrometers, challenge the generality of this hypothesis because recent studies have shown that globally distributed morphological species embrace two or more geographically restricted phylogenetic species. We used the concordance of gene genealogies to recognize phylogenetic species in the globally distributed opportunistic human pathogenic fungus, Aspergillus fumigatus. Based on DNA sequence data of five loci for each of 63 individuals collected from five continents, we have delineated two phylogenetic species in this single morphological species. Unlike all other fungi examined to date, both genetically isolated groups showed a global distribution with no evidence of a correlation between genotype and geographic location. Sexual reproduction has never been observed in A. fumigatus, but when the same data were used to explore the association of alleles at the five loci for one of the phylogenetic species, evidence was found to support recombination. The discovery of a cryptic species is medically relevant because different species are likely to differ in virulence or drug resistance. The discovery of a globally distributed A. fumigatus species clade highlights the need for ecological studies of the fungus to either document global dispersal or propose alternative mechanisms by which it persists as single, global phylogenetic population.

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“…In the Manual, uredinium and urediniospore were replaced by uredium and urediospore, proposed in 1932 (27). This was challenged by Savile (56) because uredium is "etymologically bastard," and uredinium has again been used in recent descriptive manuals (46,60). I prefer spermogonium, rather than pycnium, because that is what the structures are.…”

Section: Studies Of Plant Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arthur named such species as Puccinia caricis-asteris, P. caricis-erigerontis, and P. caricis-solidaginis, but even then doubted (23) that they were more than variants of one species. After similar experience with what is now treated (46) as Puccinia recondita, Arthur considered how to delimit species in such complexes. "It was soon decided that, for the purpose of the Flora, morphological characters must be the final test for species. "…”

Section: Studies Of Plant Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

J. C. Arthur: The Man and His Work

Cummins¹

1978

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

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The Rust Fungi of Cereals, Grasses and Bamboos

Cited by 186 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization of the Rust Fungus, Puccinia emaculata, and Evaluation of Genetic Variability for Rust Resistance in Switchgrass Populations

Characterization of the Rust Fungus, Puccinia emaculata, and Evaluation of Genetic Variability for Rust Resistance in Switchgrass Populations

Cryptic Speciation in the Cosmopolitan and Clonal Human Pathogenic Fungus Aspergillus Fumigatus

J. C. Arthur: The Man and His Work

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