The Russian–Ukrainian earnings divide<sup>1</sup>

Constant, Amélie F.; Kahanec, Martin; Zimmermann, Klaus F.

doi:10.1111/j.1468-0351.2011.00428.x

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Constant et al (2006a) measure the Russian‐Ukrainian earnings divide in Ukraine, presenting a pioneering insight into the role of ethnicity for labor market outcomes in Eastern Europe[8]. This study finds a statistically significant and growing earnings premium for being a Russian speaker in Ukraine.…”

Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Labor market outcomes of immigrants and non‐citizens in the EU

Kahanec

Zaiceva

2009

International Journal of Manpower

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to comparatively analyse the roles of foreign origin and citizenship in the labor markets of Eastern and Eestern Member States of the EU.Design/methodology/approachThe EU Survey of Income and Living Conditions is used to evaluate the roles of foreign origin and citizenship on employment and earnings using the standard Probit and OLS econometric models. The native/non‐native labor market divide is measured using Fairlie and Oaxaca‐Blinder decomposition techniques.FindingsThe results indicate that, while predominantly foreign origin is of key importance in the Western EU Member States, both foreign origin and citizenship matter in the Eastern EU Member States, their roles depending on gender. Moreover, the evidence suggests that the effects of citizenship in the EU8 may be driven by the (predominantly ethnic Russian) non‐citizens in Estonia and Latvia.Research limitations/implicationsFurther analysis is necessary to evaluate the observed associations as causal relationships.Originality/valueThe study is the first to shed light on the role of foreign origin and citizenship in the EU8 and the EU15 in the comparative East‐West perspective. The findings have noteworthy implications for the targeting of national as well as EU‐wide integration policies.

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Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Labor market outcomes of immigrants and non‐citizens in the EU

Kahanec

Zaiceva

2009

International Journal of Manpower

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“…Economic or social conditions of the host country can lead to differential wage profiles for different cohorts and we, therefore, include in X i a set of dummies for cohort groups of entry. Since home country conditions, language and culture may influence the returns to human capital characteristics, we estimate the model separately for those from English-speaking and non-English-speaking countries (Manning and Roy 2010;Constant et al 2012).…”

Section: Empirical Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to more fully describe the wage gap and determine whether immigrants would earn more or less as natives, this paper estimates a decomposition model established by Blinder (1973) and Oaxaca (1973). Blinder-Oaxaca (B-O) decompositions have been shown to be a useful technique in immigration research to determine whether various dimensions, such as ethnicity or language, drive differences in labour market assimilation (Constant et al 2012). We then estimate an extension of the B-O technique to quantile regressions (QR) as in Machado and Mata (2005).…”

Section: Decompositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

From the bottom to the top: a more complete picture of the immigrant-native wage gap in Britain

Hunt

2012

IZA J Migration

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This paper investigates wage assimilation of foreign-born male workers in Britain over the period 1993 to 2009. Using Labour Force Survey data, the paper employs a methodology (Blinder-Oaxaca quantile regressions) to decompose the immigrant-native wage differential at the mean and across the conditional wage distribution. Although immigrants earn more on average than natives, mean results mask that immigrants at the bottom (top) of the distribution earn less (more) than natives. Over the period investigated, the pro-UK-born unexplained component of the wage gap was greater at the bottom of the distribution and has shifted towards the centre of the distribution.

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“…This is potentially related to the sharp re-orientation to western markets and nation-state related political reforms Estonia experienced in the early 1990s. Rapid withdrawal from the former USSR economy has resulted in a laudable economic growth, but may have led to increased ethnic disparities, compared to the economies that moved in a slower pace, such as Ukraine (Constant et al , 2011) and the former Caucasus republics (Duncan and Mavisakalyan, 2015).…”

Section: Discussion and Concluding Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The literature on Central Eastern Europe and former Soviet Union countries is rather limited. We know that the different development trajectories have led to disparities both favouring the Russian-speaking minority in Ukraine (Constant et al , 2011) and hindering them in Estonia (Leping and Toomet, 2008). Kahanec and Zaiceva (2009) show that non-citizens suffer less favourable outcomes, in particular, ethnic Russians in Estonia and Latvia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Language skills in an ethnically segmented labour market: Estonia 1989–2012

Bormann

Ridala

Toomet

2019

IJM

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the relationship between skills in the Estonian, Russian and English language, and labour market outcomes in Estonia, a linguistically divided country. Design/methodology/approach The authors use the Estonian Labour Force Surveys 1992–2012. The authors rely on multivariate linear regression models to document the relationship between language skills and labour market outcomes. Findings Estonian language knowledge (for ethnic Russians) are important determinants of unemployment. Wage, in contrary, is closely related to English skills. Ethnic Russian men do not earn any premium from speaking Estonian, while women, fluent in Estonian earn approximately 10 per cent more. For ethnic Estonians, Russian fluency is associated with a similar income gain. Research limitations/implications Due to the observational nature of the data, the effects reported in this study are not causal effects. As a second limitation, the self-reported language skills data may be imprecise and hence the effects the authors report may be too small. Practical implications The results stress the role of workplace segregation, both along gender and ethnic lines, in determining the individual labour market experience. Originality/value The authors provide a comprehensive overview of the effects of language skills in a rapidly developing labour market in a linguistically divided economy. The authors analyse several languages with different legal status and document long-term trends in the effects.

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The Russian–Ukrainian earnings divide¹

Cited by 21 publications

References 39 publications

Labor market outcomes of immigrants and non‐citizens in the EU

Labor market outcomes of immigrants and non‐citizens in the EU

From the bottom to the top: a more complete picture of the immigrant-native wage gap in Britain

Language skills in an ethnically segmented labour market: Estonia 1989–2012

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The Russian–Ukrainian earnings divide1

Cited by 21 publications

References 39 publications

Labor market outcomes of immigrants and non‐citizens in the EU

Labor market outcomes of immigrants and non‐citizens in the EU

From the bottom to the top: a more complete picture of the immigrant-native wage gap in Britain

Language skills in an ethnically segmented labour market: Estonia 1989–2012

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The Russian–Ukrainian earnings divide¹