The root of branching river networks

Perron, J. Taylor; Richardson, P.; Ferrier, Ken L.; Lapôtre, M. G. A.

doi:10.1038/nature11672

Cited by 148 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…We use a transport coefficient of 0.05 m/yr, which is not dimensionally equivalent to a diffusivity coefficient due to the linear dependence on regolith thickness of the transport law presented at equation (5) (Roering, 2008;Pelletier et al, 2013). The critical hillslope gradient S c is 0.8 and the bedrock-to-regolith density ratio of 1.5.…”

Section: Modelling Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geomorphic Transport Law (GTL)-based models of hillslope evolution have been extensively applied to the investigation of the behavior of soil mantled landscapes in most situation underlain by silicate rich substrata (e.g., Anderson, 2002;Dietrich et al, 2003;Roering et al, 2004;Mudd and Furbish, 2004;Roering, 2008;Yoo et al, 2009;Pelletier and Perron, 2012;Pelletier et al, 2013). We are well aware that carbonate landscapes have, in comparison, received far less attention, and that the formulation of some processes are not yet completely validated in such environments.…”

Section: Hillslope Evolution Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second right hand term represents the regolith flux q s that evolves non-linearly with topographic gradient ∇z (Roering et al, 1999(Roering et al, , 2007Roering, 2008), and is linearly dependent on regolith thickness (Pelletier et al, 2013),…”

Section: Hillslope Evolution Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weathering-limited hillslope evolution in carbonate landscapes

Godard

Ollivier

Bellier

et al. 2016

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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International audienceUnderstanding topographic evolution requires integrating elementary processes acting at the hillslope scale into the long-wavelength framework of landscape dynamics. Recent progress has been made in the quantification of denudation of eroding landscapes and its links with topography. Despite these advances, data is still sparse in carbonate terrain, which covers a significant part of the Earth's surface. In this study, we measured both long-term denudation rates using in situ-produced Cl-36 concentrations in bedrock and regolith clasts and surface convexity at 12 sites along ridges of the Luberon carbonate range in Provence, Southeastern France. Starting from similar to 30 mm/ka for the lowering of the summit plateau surface, denudation linearly increases with increasing hilltop convexity up to similar to 70 mm/ka, as predicted by diffusive mass transport theory. Beyond this point denudation rates appear to be insensitive to the increase in hilltop convexity. We interpret this constant denudation as indicating a transition from a regime where hillslope evolution is primarily controlled by diffusive downslope regolith transport, toward a situation in which denudation is limited by the rate at which physical and chemical weathering processes can produce clasts and lower the hilltop. Such an abrupt transition into a weathering-limited dynamics may prevent hillslope denudation from balancing the rate of base level fall imposed by the river network and could potentially explain the development of high local relief in many Mediterranean carbonate landscapes. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

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Section: Modelling Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hillslope Evolution Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Weathering-limited hillslope evolution in carbonate landscapes

Godard

Ollivier

Bellier

et al. 2016

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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“…To make things clear it is not designed to explain the shape of a landscape as universal and comprehensive as Perron et al (2012) did. In this approach here we're looking into the recent past (and hopefully soon into the nearest future) to predict the properties of soil parent materials by simulating a set of processes involved.…”

Section: Discussion and Outlook 20mentioning

confidence: 99%

SaLEM (v1.0) – A Soil and Landscape Evolution Model for simulation of regolith depth in periglacial environments

Bock¹,

Conrad²,

Günther³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract.We propose the implementation of a soil and landscape evolution model (SaLEM) for the spatiotemporal investigation of soil parent material evolution following a lithologically differentiated approach. Relevant parts of the established model GOLEM have been adapted for an operational GIS tool within the open source software framework 10 SAGA, thus taking advantage of SAGA's capabilities for geomorphometric analyses. The model is driven by paleo-climatic data (temperature, precipitation) representative for periglacial areas in Northern Germany over the last 50.000 years. The initial conditions have been determined for a test site by a digital terrain model and a geological model. Weathering, erosion and transport functions are calibrated using extrinsic (climatic) and intrinsic (lithologic) parameter data. First results indicate that our differentiated SaLEM approach shows some evidence for the spatiotemporal prediction of important soil parental 15 material properties particularly its depth. Future research will focus on the validation of the results against field data, and the influence of discrete events (mass movements, floods) on soil parent material formation has to be evaluated.

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“…state, and independent estimates exist for the rate of baselevel fall, U (Binnie et al, 2007;Perron et al, 2009Perron et al, , 2012. We estimated the effective transport coefficient, D s , for the profiles shown in Figure 2a,c by measuring the second derivative of the one-dimensional hillslope elevation profiles, ∂ 2 η ∂x 2 , and solving for D s using…”

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confidence: 99%

A lattice grain model of hillslope evolution

Tucker¹,

McCoy²,

Hobley³

2018

Preprint

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Abstract. This paper describes and explores a new continuous-time stochastic cellular automaton model of hillslope evolution. The Grain Hill model provides a computational framework with which to study slope forms that arise from stochastic disturbance and rock weathering events. The model operates on a hexagonal lattice, with cell states representing fluid, rock, and grain aggregates that are either stationary or in a state of motion in one of the six cardinal lattice directions. The model can reproduce a range of common slope forms, from fully soil mantled to rocky or partially mantled, and from convex-upward to 5 planar shapes. An optional additional state represents large blocks that cannot be displaced upward by disturbance events. With the addition of this state, the model captures the morphology of hogbacks, scarps, and similar features. In its simplest form, the model has only three process parameters, which represent disturbance frequency, characteristic disturbance depth, and baselevel lowering rate, respectively. Incorporating physical weathering of rock adds one additional parameter, representing the characteristic rock weathering rate. These parameters are not arbitrary but rather have a direct link with corresponding param-10 eters in continuum theory. Comparison between observed and modeled slope forms demonstrates that the model can reproduce both the shape and scale of real hillslope profiles. Model experiments highlight the importance of regolith cover fraction in governing both the downslope mass transport rate and the rate of physical weathering. Equilibrium rocky hillslope profiles are possible even when the rate of baselevel lowering exceeds the nominal bare-rock weathering rate, because increases in both slope gradient and roughness can allow for rock weathering rates that are greater than the flat-surface maximum. Examples of 15 transient relaxation of steep, rocky slopes predict the formation of a regolith-mantled pediment that migrates headward through time while maintaining a sharp slope break.

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The root of branching river networks

Cited by 148 publications

References 46 publications

Weathering-limited hillslope evolution in carbonate landscapes

Weathering-limited hillslope evolution in carbonate landscapes

SaLEM (v1.0) – A Soil and Landscape Evolution Model for simulation of regolith depth in periglacial environments

A lattice grain model of hillslope evolution

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