The Roles of the Amygdala Kisspeptin System

Mills, Edouard; O’Byrne, Kevin; Comninos, Alexander

doi:10.1055/s-0039-3400462

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…In a study by Rao et al, Kp induced an increase in AVP mRNA expression in PVN-derived cell lines [36], and thus it is possible that Kp-8 activated the axis by increasing AVP release. Moreover, the activity of the HPA axis is modulated by limbic brain regions, including the amygdala [64]-an expression site of both Kp and Kiss1r [65]-which stimulates the HPA axis and regulates the behavioral response to stress [64,66]. The increase in glucocorticoid signaling in itself is also associated with anxiety-like behavior [67].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kisspeptin-8 Induces Anxiety-Like Behavior and Hypolocomotion by Activating the HPA Axis and Increasing GABA Release in the Nucleus Accumbens in Rats

et al. 2021

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Kisspeptins (Kp) are RF-amide neuropeptide regulators of the reproductive axis that also influence anxiety, locomotion, and metabolism. We aimed to investigate the effects of intracerebroventricular Kp-8 (an N-terminally truncated octapeptide) treatment in Wistar rats. Elevated plus maze (EPM), computerized open field (OF), and marble burying (MB) tests were performed for the assessment of behavior. Serum LH and corticosterone levels were determined to assess kisspeptin1 receptor (Kiss1r) activation and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) stimulation, respectively. GABA release from the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and dopamine release from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and NAc were measured via ex vivo superfusion. Kp-8 decreased open arm time and entries in EPM, and also raised corticosterone concentration, pointing to an anxiogenic effect. Moreover, the decrease in arm entries in EPM, the delayed increase in immobility accompanied by reduced ambulatory activity in OF, and the reduction in interactions with marbles show that Kp-8 suppressed exploratory and spontaneous locomotion. The increase in GABA release from the NAc might be in the background of hypolocomotion by inhibiting the VTA-NAc dopaminergic circuitry. As Kp-8 raised LH concentration, it could activate Kiss1r and stimulate the reproductive axis. As Kiss1r is associated with hyperlocomotion, it is more likely that neuropeptide FF receptor activation is involved in the suppression of locomotor activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kisspeptin-8 Induces Anxiety-Like Behavior and Hypolocomotion by Activating the HPA Axis and Increasing GABA Release in the Nucleus Accumbens in Rats

et al. 2021

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“…The Kiss-1 gene expression is strictly controlled by circulating estrogens and testosterone [ 11 ]. Majority of studies were focused on the hypothalamic kisspeptin activity, relatively little is known about potential role of this neuropeptide in other brain regions e.g.in the hippocampus and amygdala where kisspeptin signalling was also recently identified [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escitalopram as a modulator of proopiomelanocortin, kisspeptin, Kiss1R and MCHR1 gene expressions in the male rat brain

et al. 2020

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Neuropeptides are important, multifunctional regulatory factors of the nervous system, being considered as a novel, atypical sites of antidepressants action. It has already been proven that some of them, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), are able to affect peptidergic pathways in various brain regions. Despite these reports, there is so far no reports regarding the effect of treatment with SSRIs on brain proopiomelanocortin (POMC), kisspeptin, Kiss1R and MCHR1 gene expression. In the current study we examined POMC, kisspeptin, Kiss1R and MCHR1 mRNA expression in the selected brain structures (hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, striatum, cerebellum and brainstem) of rats chronically treated with a 10 mg/kg dose of escitalopram using quantitative Real-Time PCR. Long-term treatment with escitalopram led to the upregulation of MCHR1 expression in the rat amygdala. Kisspeptin mRNA level was also increased in the amygdala, but Kiss1R mRNA expressions were elevated in the hippocampus, hypothalamus and cerebellum. POMC mRNA expressions were in turn decreased in the hippocampus, amygdala, cerebellum and brainstem. These results may support the hypothesis that these neuropeptides may be involved in the site-dependent actions of SSRI antidepressants. This is the first report of the effects of escitalopram on POMC, kisspeptin, Kiss1R and MCHR1 in animal brain. Our findings shed a new light on the pharmacology of SSRIs and may contribute to a better understanding of the alternative, neuropeptide-dependent modes of antidepressant action.

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“…This highlights an essential role for KISS1 signaling in the development and expression of sexually dimorphic behavior ( 82 ). Recent studies on the regulation of sexual behaviors have uncovered a role for KISS1 expression in the amygdala (MeA) ( 83 , 84 ), with MeA kisspeptin neurons playing a crucial role in the olfactory reproductive pathways ( 85 ), especially in males ( 86 ). Inhibition of this pathway could be a method for inducing male infertility by blocking sexual behaviors that are necessary for animal breeding.…”

Section: Male Reproductive System and Potential Targets For Steriliza...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Male animal sterilization: history, current practices, and potential methods for replacing castration

Hess,

Park,

Soto

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Sterilization and castration have been synonyms for thousands of years. Making an animal sterile meant to render them incapable of producing offspring. Castration or the physical removal of the testes was discovered to be the most simple but reliable method for managing reproduction and sexual behavior in the male. Today, there continues to be global utilization of castration in domestic animals. More than six hundred million pigs are castrated every year, and surgical removal of testes in dogs and cats is a routine practice in veterinary medicine. However, modern biological research has extended the meaning of sterilization to include methods that spare testis removal and involve a variety of options, from chemical castration and immunocastration to various methods of vasectomy. This review begins with the history of sterilization, showing a direct link between its practice in man and animals. Then, it traces the evolution of concepts for inducing sterility, where research has overlapped with basic studies of reproductive hormones and the discovery of testicular toxicants, some of which serve as sterilizing agents in rodent pests. Finally, the most recent efforts to use the immune system and gene editing to block hormonal stimulation of testis function are discussed. As we respond to the crisis of animal overpopulation and strive for better animal welfare, these novel methods provide optimism for replacing surgical castration in some species.

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The Roles of the Amygdala Kisspeptin System

Cited by 8 publications

References 66 publications

Kisspeptin-8 Induces Anxiety-Like Behavior and Hypolocomotion by Activating the HPA Axis and Increasing GABA Release in the Nucleus Accumbens in Rats

Kisspeptin-8 Induces Anxiety-Like Behavior and Hypolocomotion by Activating the HPA Axis and Increasing GABA Release in the Nucleus Accumbens in Rats

Escitalopram as a modulator of proopiomelanocortin, kisspeptin, Kiss1R and MCHR1 gene expressions in the male rat brain

Male animal sterilization: history, current practices, and potential methods for replacing castration

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