The Roles of Physical Activity, Exercise, and Fitness in Promoting Resilience During Adolescence: Effects on Mental Well-Being and Brain Development

Belcher, Britni R.; Zink, Jennifer; Azad, Anisa; Campbell, Claire; Chakravartti, Sandhya P.; Herting, Megan M.

doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.08.005

Cited by 97 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…In particular, emotion regulation is essential in the changes of negative emotion, which is useful in human mental well-being. It is well-known that physical exercise (PE) is not only good for fitness but also improves mental health (Penedo and Dahn, 2005 ; Belcher et al, 2021 ; Smith and Merwin, 2021 ). It is also claimed that PE affects the emotion of a person, in both clinical and non-clinical populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Emotional Response to Negative Stimulations With Moderate-Intensity Physical Exercise

et al. 2021

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It is widely accepted that physical exercises (PEs) not only are good for fitness but also contribute to mental health and well-being. The positive influence of PEs on emotion has become a topic of much excitement. However, a quantitative study is required to discuss the effect of short-term moderate-intensity PE on the emotional response by using electroencephalogram (EEG) asymmetry. The experiments, including 20-min moderate-intensity cycling and EEG data acquisition with picture-induced emotion assessment protocol, were designed in this paper. The experiment procedure consists of two emotion assessment sessions, each of which contains 24 pictures. About 80 participants were randomly allocated into the exercise group and the control group. Participants in the exercise group were instructed to have a 20-min moderate-intensity cycling after the first assessment session, then rested until their heart rates recovered to baselines and their emotional states were assessed again in the second session. The control group only had a 20-min break without the cycling exercise between the two sessions. It was observed that, in the control group, the EEG asymmetry had no significant difference in these two assessment sessions for both positive and negative stimulations. However, in the exercise group, the difference of the EEG asymmetry before and after PE was significant only in response to negative stimulations. Further, the in-depth analysis of EEG asymmetry index changes of individual participants shows that the short-term moderate-intensity PE has a positive impact in response to negative stimulations. The proposed experiments show that the negative emotional experience can be reduced by the moderate-intensity PE and support the hypothesis that the moderate-intensity PE is good at improving emotional response to negative stimulations. This study provides the evidence of positive effects of PE in the domain of emotion regulation with experimental data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Emotional Response to Negative Stimulations With Moderate-Intensity Physical Exercise

et al. 2021

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“…Some of these areas are of particular importance, given the changes that occur from puberty to late adolescence. Physical activity, exercise and fitness are likely to play a crucial role in helping the adolescent brain to develop [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviours involved in the role of victim and aggressor in bullying: Relationship with physical fitness in adolescents

2021

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Physical fitness is related to well-being and health. Adolescence is a key period in the psychological and social development of the person, in which interpersonal relationships gain strength, being bullying a type of violence that can affect the personality of those involved. At present, there is not enough research to determine the relationships between bullying and physical condition. The purpose of this study is to find out if there are any relationships among physical fitness, victimisation, and aggression in bullying, and to identify these behaviours. This is a descriptive study done in 1035 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years (M = 14.67, SD = 1.49). The European Bullying Intervention Project Questionnaire (EBIPQ) scale was used, and anthropometric characteristics of weight and height were measured. In addition, physical fitness tests from the Eurofit battery, sit-and-reach, 30-second sit-ups, horizontal jump, manual dynamometry, and 20-meter Multistage Shuttle Run Test (SRT) were included. The relationships between variables were analysed using Spearman correlations, linear regressions, and ordinal regressions. The most relevant findings indicate an inverse relationship between being a victim of bullying and having a better cardiorespiratory cardiovascular endurance. These also show a direct relationship between being a bully and skeletal muscle strength measured through the horizontal jump, 30-second sit-ups, and manual dynamometry tests. Theoretically, we can conclude that physical condition can be considered a predictor to consider in bullying. Specifically, cardiorespiratory fitness, in addition to its multiple physical and mental benefits, may be a protective element against bullying victimisation. In contrast, muscular strength, especially in boys, may be an important predictor, especially in the physical component, of aggression in bullying.

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“…Normally, the adolescents' life becomes more complicated over the teenage years. For example, Britni et al (2021) found that prevalence of behavioral problems and internalizing disorders, such as anxiety or depression, emerge more frequently in the later years of adolescence. Slobodskaya (2021) found that over the years, adolescents become more aware of their environmental demands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sport-Related Affective Benefits for Teenagers Are Getting Greater as They Approach Adulthood: A Large-Scale French Investigation

et al. 2021

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The present investigation examined how sports club membership is related to adolescents’ daily negative and positive affects as they age. Robust prior results demonstrated that sports club membership is positively related to positive affect and negatively related to negative affect. However, surprisingly, no prior studies examined whether these benefits are consistently present throughout the teenage years or there are certain critical periods when teenagers can affectively profit more from being members of a sports club. The present cross-sectional investigation examined these questions on a comprehensive sample of French adolescents (N=17,337, female=7,604, aged between 10 and 18, Mage=12.45years, SDage=1.94years). Besides the expected affective benefits of a sports club membership, there was no interaction between age and negative affect. However, late adolescents reported greater daily positive affective benefits of sports club membership than early adolescents. These results suggest that late adolescents can use the extra affective benefits of sports club membership to gain advantages for the first steps of their adult life, such as coping with career start or transition to higher education. These results can provide guidelines for future studies to prioritize late adolescents with heightened positive sport-related affective benefits. It can also be useful information to promote sport among late adolescents.

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The Roles of Physical Activity, Exercise, and Fitness in Promoting Resilience During Adolescence: Effects on Mental Well-Being and Brain Development

Cited by 97 publications

References 140 publications

Improvement of Emotional Response to Negative Stimulations With Moderate-Intensity Physical Exercise

Improvement of Emotional Response to Negative Stimulations With Moderate-Intensity Physical Exercise

Behaviours involved in the role of victim and aggressor in bullying: Relationship with physical fitness in adolescents

Sport-Related Affective Benefits for Teenagers Are Getting Greater as They Approach Adulthood: A Large-Scale French Investigation

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