The Roles of Exosomes in the Diagnose, Development and Therapeutic Resistance of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Shi, Shan; Yu, Zi‐Li; Jia, Jun

doi:10.3390/ijms24031968

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 158 publications

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“…Previous research has suggested that analyzing the genomic content of exosomes can be a promising approach for studying the mutation landscape associated with cancer, providing a potential avenue for early detection methods [ 5 , 10 , 12 , 17 , 67 , 68 ]. Exosomes not only contain mtDNA but also carry a large amount of nuclear DNA, similar to the gDNA found in cell nuclei, evenly distributed across all chromosomes; this further reveals their significance and potential influence in various biological processes [ 24 , 31 , 69 ].…”

Section: Research Progress On the Application Of Exodna In Lbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal DNA: Role in Reflecting Tumor Genetic Heterogeneity, Diagnosis, and Disease Monitoring

Xiang,

Xie,

2023

Cancers

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs), with exosomes at the forefront, are key in transferring cellular information and assorted biological materials, including nucleic acids. While exosomal RNA has been thoroughly examined, exploration into exosomal DNA (exoDNA)—which is stable and promising for cancer diagnostics—lags behind. This hybrid genetic material, combining contributions from both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), is rooted in the cytoplasm. The enigmatic process concerning its cytoplasmic encapsulation continues to captivate researchers. Covering the entire genetic landscape, exoDNA encases significant oncogenic alterations in genes like TP53, ALK, and IDH1, which is vital for clinical assessment. This review delves into exosomal origins, the ins and outs of DNA encapsulation, and exoDNA’s link to tumor biology, underscoring its superiority to circulating tumor DNA in the biomarker arena for both detection and therapy. Amidst scientific progress, there are complexities in the comprehension and practical application of the exoDNA surface. Reflecting on these nuances, we chart the prospective research terrain and potential pitfalls, forging a path for future inquiry. By illuminating both the known and unknown facets of exoDNA, the objective of this review is to provide guidance to the field of liquid biopsy (LB) while minimizing the occurrence of avoidable blind spots and detours.

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Section: Research Progress On the Application Of Exodna In Lbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal DNA: Role in Reflecting Tumor Genetic Heterogeneity, Diagnosis, and Disease Monitoring

Xiang,

Xie,

2023

Cancers

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“…Despite the advances in different treatment modalities, the overall survival rate of OSCC 5 -year is less than 50% which is not improved signi cantly during the past decades due to delayed diagnosis (9). Survival rate can be increased to 80% if OSCC are diagnosed in the early stages (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing the Salivary Levels of Cathepsin B in Oral Submucous Fibosis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma for Early Detection

Ahmed,

Shabbir,

Shaikh

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most prevalent and common cancers of oral cavity with significant higher rates of mortality and morbidity. Many of the OSCC are known to be preceded by oral potentially malignant disorders such as Oral Submucous Fibrosis. OSF is a chronic and insidious condition with a high malignant transformation potential into OSCC. Salivary biomarker analysis has been considered as a promising approach for early detection of malignant potential of OSF. Cathepsin B is a lysosomal cysteine protease. In many malignancies increased levels of Cathepsin B were observed including OSCC. The present study was designed to analyze and determine the salivary Cathepsin B levels in OSF and OSCC. Method: 150 research participants in total were included in this study which were further divided into 3 groups, 50 in each group. Group 1 comprised 50 OSF patients, Group 2 comprised 50 OSCC patients and group 3 comprised 50 control group. Salivary Cathepsin B levels were analyzed in all 3 groups by using ELISA technique after saliva sample collection. Results: Cathepsin B salivary levels were found to be increased significantly in both OSF and OSCC patients in comparison to control group with significant higher < 0.001 p-value. Highest mean salivary Cathepsin B levels were found in OSF 9.50s ± 7.3, followed by OSCC 4.54 ± 5.9 and control group 0.45s ± 0.9 respectively. Conclusion: Cathepsin B salivary levels were observed to be increased significantly both in patients of OSF and OSCC. Therefore, Cathepsin B can be considered a useful and beneficial salivary biomarker for early detection of OSCC.

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“…Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vehicles having origins in the re-cycling of intracellular vesicles. They have demonstrated that they exert a key role in intercellular communication in both physiological and pathological scenarios [12][13][14][15]. Exosomes are the natural cargo vesicles for proteins, DNAs, RNAs, lipids, and metabolites that are essential in a myriad of physiological and pathological functions [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Plasmatic Levels of Exosomes Are Significantly Related to Relapse Rate in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Cohort Study

Rodríguez-Zorrilla,

Lorenzo-Pouso,

Fais

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is characterized by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Their plasma-derived exosomes deliver immunomodulatory molecules and cargo that correlate significantly with clinical parameters. This study aims to assess the exosomal profile as a potential tool for early detection of relapse and long-term outcomes in OSCC patients undergoing conventional therapy. Methods: 27 OSCC patients with a median 38-month follow-up were included in this study. The relationship between NTA-derived parameters and clinical pathological parameters was examined, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of these values in detecting cancer relapse. Results: Plasmatic levels of exosomes prior to surgery showed a drastic reduction after surgical intervention (8.08E vs. 1.41 × 109 particles/mL, p = 0.006). Postsurgical concentrations of exosomes were higher in patients who experienced relapse compared to those who remained disease-free (2.97 × 109 vs. 1.11 × 109 particles/mL, p = 0.046). Additionally, patients who relapsed exhibited larger exosome sizes after surgery (141.47 vs. 132.31 nm, p = 0.03). Patients with lower concentrations of exosomes prior to surgery demonstrated better disease-free survival compared to those with higher levels (p = 0.012). ROC analysis revealed an area under the curve of 0.82 for presurgical exosome concentration in identifying relapse. Conclusions: Presurgical exosomal plasmatic levels serve as independent predictors of early recurrence and survival in OSCC. All in all, our findings indicate that the detection of peripheral exosomes represents a novel tool for the clinical management of OSCC, with potential implications for prognosis assessment.

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The Roles of Exosomes in the Diagnose, Development and Therapeutic Resistance of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cited by 12 publications

References 158 publications

Exosomal DNA: Role in Reflecting Tumor Genetic Heterogeneity, Diagnosis, and Disease Monitoring

Exosomal DNA: Role in Reflecting Tumor Genetic Heterogeneity, Diagnosis, and Disease Monitoring

Analyzing the Salivary Levels of Cathepsin B in Oral Submucous Fibosis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma for Early Detection

Increased Plasmatic Levels of Exosomes Are Significantly Related to Relapse Rate in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Cohort Study

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