The Roles of Envelope Glycoprotein M in the Life Cycle of Some Alphaherpesviruses

Abstract

The envelope glycoprotein M (gM), a surface virion component conserved among alphaherpesviruses, is a multiple-transmembrane domain-containing glycoprotein with a complex N-linked oligosaccharide. The gM mediates a diverse range of functions during the viral life cycle. In this review, we summarize the biological features of gM, including its characterization and function in some specicial alphaherpesviruses. gM modulates the virus-induced membrane fusion during virus invasion, transports other proteins to the appropriate intracellular membranes for primary and secondary envelopment during virion assembly, and promotes egress of the virus. The gM can interact with various viral and cellular components, and the focus of recent research has also been on interactions related to gM. And we will discuss how gM participates in the life cycle of alphaherpesviruses.

Phylogenetic and Genomic Characterization of Whole Genome Sequences of Ocular Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Isolates Identifies Possible Virulence Determinants in Humans

“…S3 ), an area that is linked to both protein maturation and trafficking. 95 – 97 A series of linked SNPs were found in gG, most of which mapped to the extracellular portion ( Fig. 5 ; Supplementary Fig.…”

Evolutionary Comparisons of Chelonid Alphaherpesvirus 5 (ChHV5) Genomes from Fibropapillomatosis-Afflicted Green (Chelonia mydas), Olive Ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) and Kemp’s Ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) Sea Turtles

“…Variance in this gene is likely beneficial to ChHV5, perhaps enabling it to evade innate immunity across diverse populations and species. In contrast, the gene with the lowest Tajima’s D (positive selection, represents excessive low-frequency SNPs) was UL10 (−1.94, Table 2 ), otherwise known as glycoprotein M (gM) [ 74 ]. This gene is highly conserved between alphaherpesviruses, and it participates in multiple phases of the viral life cycle.…”

Bovine Alphaherpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) Infection in Cattle: An Overview of Epidemiology, Role of Envelope Proteins in Disease and Control

“…A highly conserved gM forms complex with gN in all herpesviruses via disulphide bonds. The gM/gN complex has been shown to be crucial in the packaging of different proteins during the maturation of BoHV-1 (Li et al, 2021). Along with morphogenesis it is also involved in viral movement in cells.…”