The Roles of circRNAs in Liver Cancer Immunity

Tang, Ying; Jiang, Mei; Jiang, Haimei; Ye, Zeng Jie; Huang, Yu‐Sheng; Li, Xiushen; Qin, Binyu; Zhou, Ruisheng; Pan, Huafeng; Zheng, Deyou

doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.598464

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 187 publications

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“…Indeed, circRNAs are dysregulated in numerous human diseases including cancer, and there are recent studies describing the upregulation or downregulation of various circRNAs in several tumors [194] . For instance, circRNAs hsa-circ-002059 and circFAM169A are downregulated in gastric cancer and bladder cancer, respectively [199,200] . On the contrary, circPTK2 and circTCF25 are upregulated in bladder cancer [199] .…”

Section: Circular Rnas In Hbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetics in hepatoblastoma

Clavería-Cabello¹,

Arechederra²,

Berasain³

et al. 2021

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Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most frequent pediatric primary liver tumor. When the tumoral lesions can be resected, prognosis is generally favorable. However, there is a significant number of cases in which resection is not possible at diagnosis, and patients usually receive neo-adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy prior to surgery. Unfortunately, some HBs develop resistance to initial chemotherapy or after recurrence, progressing to metastatic disease. Moreover, long-term side effects of chemotherapy remain a serious concern. Understanding the molecular bases of HB development and progression is thus essential for the identification of more efficacious therapies. HBs have a very low mutational burden, and the most frequent mutations occur in the CTNN1B gene (> 80% of cases) and to a lesser extent in NFE2L2 (~10% of cases). These observations suggest that other pathogenic processes besides genetic mutations may play a role in HB tumorigenesis. Epigenetic mechanisms encompass a variety of molecular processes with a tremendous potential to regulate gene expression. They include the covalent modifications of DNA and histones, the activity of enzymatic chromatin remodelers, and the expression of noncoding RNAs. Dysregulation of epigenetic processes has clearly become a hallmark of cancer. Regarding HB, recent studies have explored its epigenetic landscape, the expression of specific epigenetic effectors, and the tumorigenic consequences of epigenetic alterations. The reversible nature of most epigenetic modifications and the possibility to target non-coding RNAs may pave the way for new therapeutic avenues in HB. Here, we summarize and discuss the most relevant findings in this less explored aspect of HB.

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Section: Circular Rnas In Hbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetics in hepatoblastoma

Clavería-Cabello¹,

Arechederra²,

Berasain³

et al. 2021

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“…Due to the closed loop structure, circRNAs are not easily affected by the RNA exonuclease and have the high stability in the human body ( Cao et al, 2021 ). CircRNAs have been observed in various cancers and can affect the occurrence and progression of different cancers, such as colorectal cancer ( Chen J. et al, 2020 ), gastric cancer ( Chen H. et al, 2020 ), and liver cancer ( Tang et al, 2020 ). Evidence has shown that circRNAs could indirectly regulate protein-coding genes through reducing the expression level of related miRNAs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel circRNA–miRNA–mRNA Hub Regulatory Network in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Zuo

Zheng

et al. 2021

Front. Genet.

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The growing evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) have significant associations with tumor occurrence and progression, yet the regulatory mechanism of circRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unclear. This study clarified the potentially regulatory network and functional mechanism of circRNAs in LUAD. The expression data of circRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Relying on GSE101586, GSE101684, and GSE112214, we identified differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs). Depending on GSE135918 and GSE32863, we screened out differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) and mRNAs (DEmRNAs), respectively. Then, a novel competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network related to LUAD was constructed. We also revealed biological processes and signal pathways regulated by these DEcircRNAs. Based on gene expression data and survival information of LUAD patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GEO, we implemented survival analysis to select DEmRNAs related to prognosis and build a novel circRNA–miRNA–mRNA hub regulatory network. Meanwhile, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was utilized to validate DEcircRNAs in the ceRNA hub regulatory network. As a result, a total of 8 DEcircRNAs, 19 DEmiRNAs, and 85 DEmRNAs were identified. The novel ceRNA regulatory network included 5 circRNAs, 8 miRNAs, and 22 mRNAs. The final ceRNA hub regulatory network contained two circRNAs, two miRNAs, and two mRNAs. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses indicated that the five DEcircRNAs may affect LUAD onset and progression through Wnt signaling pathway and Hippo signaling pathway. All in all, this study revealed the regulatory network and functional mechanism of circRNA-related ceRNAs in LUAD.

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“…Genetic and epigenetic factors are the main ones [38,39]. Multiple recent studies have confirmed that circRNAs play a substantial role in the initiation and progression of various cancers, such as hepatic and renal carcinoma, and bladder, prostate, esophageal, breast, gastric and lung cancer [40][41][42][43][44][45]. Considerable evidence shows that these circRNAs function in a great number of cancers and play essential roles in their occurrence and development [46].…”

Section: Circrnas In Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

CircRNAs as potent biomarkers in ovarian cancer: a systematic scoping review

et al. 2021

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More powerful prognostic and diagnostic tools are urgently needed for identifying and treating ovarian cancer (OC), which is the most fatal malignancy in women in developed countries. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are conservative and stable looped molecules that can regulate gene expression by competing with other endogenous microRNA sponges. This discovery provided new insight into novel methods for regulating genes that are involved in many disorders and cancers. This review focuses on the dysregulated expression of circRNAs as well as their diagnostic and prognostic values in OC. We found that studies have identified twenty-one downregulated circRNAs and fifty-seven upregulated ones. The results of these studies confirm that circRNAs might be potent biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic target value for OC. We also consider the connection between circRNAs and OC cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance and sensitivity.

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The Roles of circRNAs in Liver Cancer Immunity

Cited by 15 publications

References 187 publications

Epigenetics in hepatoblastoma

Epigenetics in hepatoblastoma

A Novel circRNA–miRNA–mRNA Hub Regulatory Network in Lung Adenocarcinoma

CircRNAs as potent biomarkers in ovarian cancer: a systematic scoping review

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