The roles of anoxia, H2S, and storm events in fish kills of dead-end canals of Delaware inland bays

Luther, George W.; Ma, Shuo; Trouwborst, Robert E.; Glazer, Brian T.; Blickley, Michelle; Scarborough, R. W.; Mensinger, Michael G.

doi:10.1007/bf02803546

Cited by 65 publications

(53 citation statements)

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“…Dassenakis et al (1994) suggested that the meteorological conditions (S-SW winds) caused the mixing of welloxygenated surface water with anoxic, sulfide-rich bottom water, resulting in the catastrophic anoxic event. Similar events of fish kills due to mixing of H 2 S into surface water have occurred for instance in dead-end canals (Luther et al, 2004). Although the main drivers of anoxia and fish kills in Aetoliko Lagoon seem to be oceanographic and anthropogenic, gas seepage cannot be excluded as a geological driver (see Sect.…”

Section: Fish Kills As a Drastic Consequence Of Hypoxiaexamples From mentioning

confidence: 67%

Investigating hypoxia in aquatic environments: diverse approaches to addressing a complex phenomenon

et al. 2014

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Abstract. In this paper we provide an overview of new knowledge on oxygen depletion (hypoxia) and related phenomena in aquatic systems resulting from the EU-FP7 project HYPOX ("In situ monitoring of oxygen depletion in hypoxic ecosystems of coastal and open seas, and landlocked water bodies", www.hypox.net). In view of the anticipated oxygen loss in aquatic systems due to eutrophication and climate change, HYPOX was set up to improve capacities to monitor hypoxia as well as to understand its causes and consequences.Temporal dynamics and spatial patterns of hypoxia were analyzed in field studies in various aquatic environments, including the Baltic Sea, the Black Sea, Scottish and Scandinavian fjords, Ionian Sea lagoons and embayments, and Swiss lakes. Examples of episodic and rapid (hours) occurrences of hypoxia, as well as seasonal changes in bottom-water oxygenation in stratified systems, are discussed. Geologically driven hypoxia caused by gas seepage is demonstrated. Using novel technologies, temporal and spatial patterns of watercolumn oxygenation, from basin-scale seasonal patterns to meter-scale sub-micromolar oxygen distributions, were resolved. Existing multidecadal monitoring data were used to demonstrate the imprint of climate change and eutrophication on long-term oxygen distributions. Organic and inorganic proxies were used to extend investigations on past oxygen conditions to centennial and even longer timescales that cannot be resolved by monitoring. The effects of hypoxia on faunal communities and biogeochemical processes were also addressed in the project. An investigation of benthic fauna is presented as an example of hypoxia-devastated benthic communities that slowly recover upon a reduction in eutrophication in a system where naturally occurring hypoxia overlaps with anthropogenic hypoxia. Biogeochemical investigations reveal that oxygen intrusions have a strong effect on the microbially mediated redox cycling of elements. Observations and modeling studies of the sediments demonstrate the effect of seasonally changing oxygen conditions on benthic mineralization pathways and fluxes. Data quality and access are crucial in hypoxia research. Technical issues are therefore also addressed, including the availability of suitable sensor technology to resolve the gradual changes in bottom-water oxygen in marine systems that can be expected as a result of climate change. Using cabled observatories as examples, we show how the benefit of continuous oxygen monitoring can be maximized by adopting proper quality control. Finally, we discuss strategies for state-of-the-art data archiving and dissemination in compliance with global standards, and how ocean observations can contribute to global earth observation attempts.

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Section: Fish Kills As a Drastic Consequence Of Hypoxiaexamples From mentioning

confidence: 67%

Investigating hypoxia in aquatic environments: diverse approaches to addressing a complex phenomenon

et al. 2014

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“…This hypoxia-related enhanced regeneration of nutrients, in particular phosphorus, and basin-wide consequences for plankton communities and biogeochemical processes have been very well been documented in the Baltic Sea . Little oxidation of reduced sulphur occurs in sediment underlying anoxic bottom waters and part of the hydrogen sulphide escapes sediments and is then oxidized in the water column (Black Sea; Konovalov et al, 2006;Cariaco Basin;Taylor et al, 2001;Delaware Inland Basins;Luther et al, 2004;Mariager Fjord;Zopfi et al, 2001;Namibian shelf;Lavik et al, 2009). This oxidation of reduced sulphur may occur aerobically or anaerobically with nitrate, resulting in an anoxic layer that separates oxic and sulphidic waters (Lavik et al, 2009).…”

Section: Pelagic-benthic Coupling and Coastal Hypoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It eventually results in permanent anoxia as seen in the Black Sea and Cariaco Basin (Damsté et al, 2003), but can also be interrupted by natural (e.g. Baltic Sea; Conley et al, 2002;Peru shelf;Gutierrez et al, 2008;Santa Barbara basin;Sholkovitz and Gieskes, 1971) or deliberately induced oxidation events (Luther et al, 2004). Each interruption of the longer-term evolution to anoxic bottom water results in re-introduction of biogeochemical processes occurring at higher oxidation levels.…”

Section: Pelagic-benthic Coupling and Coastal Hypoxiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…oxygen concentrations gradually decline after a spring/early summer plankton bloom, remain low for several months and then increase again (Danish coastal systems; Conley et al, 2007;coastal lagoons;Ritter andMontagna, 1999, Rozan et al, 2002;Chesapeake Bay;Officer et al, 1994;Kemp et al, 1990Kemp et al, , 2005Louisiana Shelf;Rabalais et al, 1994, Eldridge and Morse, 2008Indian shelf;Naqvi et al, 2000). The decrease in bottomwater oxygen levels may cause a switch from nitrate effluxes to influxes (Kemp et al, 1990;Cowan and Boynton, 1996), a decrease in denitrification during summer because of low nitrate levels in bottom waters (Kemp et al, 1990;Conley et al, 2007), enhanced release of ammonium and phosphate (Cowan and Boynton, 1996;Rozan et al, 2002;Eldridge and Morse, 2008) and eventually hydrogen sulphide accumulation in bottom waters (Luther et al, 2004). The duration, intensity and frequency of hypoxia play a major role as coupled nitrification-denitrification can be restored to previous levels during seasonal hypoxia, while after a long period of anoxia (with loss of faunal groups) denitrification will remain low following re-oxygenation of the water column (Hietanen and Lukkari, 2007;Conley et al, 2009).…”

Section: Duration Of Exposure To Hypoxia Matters For Biogeochemical Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coastal hypoxia and sediment biogeochemistry

2009

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Abstract. The intensity, duration and frequency of coastal hypoxia (oxygen concentration <63 µM) are increasing due to human alteration of coastal ecosystems and changes in oceanographic conditions due to global warming. Here we provide a concise review of the consequences of coastal hypoxia for sediment biogeochemistry. Changes in bottomwater oxygen levels have consequences for early diagenetic pathways (more anaerobic at expense of aerobic pathways), the efficiency of re-oxidation of reduced metabolites and the nature, direction and magnitude of sediment-water exchange fluxes. Hypoxia may also lead to more organic matter accumulation and burial and the organic matter eventually buried is also of higher quality, i.e. less degraded. Bottom-water oxygen levels also affect the organisms involved in organic matter processing with the contribution of metazoans decreasing as oxygen levels drop. Hypoxia has a significant effect on benthic animals with the consequences that ecosystem functions related to macrofauna such as bio-irrigation and bioturbation are significantly affected by hypoxia as well. Since many microbes and microbial-mediated biogeochemical processes depend on animal-induced transport processes (e.g. re-oxidation of particulate reduced sulphur and denitrification), there are indirect hypoxia effects on biogeochemistry via the benthos. Severe long-lasting hypoxia and anoxia may result in the accumulation of reduced compounds in sediments and elimination of macrobenthic communities with the consequences that biogeochemical properties during trajectories of decreasing and increasing oxygen may be different (hysteresis) with consequences for coastal ecosystem dynamics.

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“…For instance, Balouskus and Targett (2016) demonstrated fish were more abundant along natural marsh shorelines compared with altered rip-rap shorelines. In addition, urbanization may affect fishes physiologically or bioenergetically (Luther et al, 2004;Wedge, Anderson, and DeVries, 2015). In the lower Hudson River estuary, juvenile tautog (Tautoga onitis) and winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) had decreased growth rates under piers when compared with open-water and pile field subhabitats (Able, Manderson, and Studholme, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat Quality and Salt-Marsh Species Assemblages along an Anthropogenic Estuarine Landscape

Partyka

Peterson

2008

Journal of Coastal Research

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The roles of anoxia, H2S, and storm events in fish kills of dead-end canals of Delaware inland bays

Cited by 65 publications

References 30 publications

Investigating hypoxia in aquatic environments: diverse approaches to addressing a complex phenomenon

Investigating hypoxia in aquatic environments: diverse approaches to addressing a complex phenomenon

Coastal hypoxia and sediment biogeochemistry

Habitat Quality and Salt-Marsh Species Assemblages along an Anthropogenic Estuarine Landscape

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