The Role of Zinc Microelement in Aquaculture: a Review

Dawood, Mahmoud A.O.; Alagawany, Mahmoud; Sewilam, Hani

doi:10.1007/s12011-021-02958-x

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Sallam et al [ 85 ] found that the dietary supplementation of zinc–methionine at 30 ppm significantly improved catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and lysozyme activities in marbled spinefoot rabbitfish ( Siganus rivulatus ). Zinc shows the most significant benefits for the immune response as a cofactor of superoxide dismutase, and this antioxidative enzyme is essential in the defense against radical reactions and in decreasing superoxide oxygen species levels in aquatic animals [ 86 , 87 , 88 ], because optimal zinc supplementation in diets tends to increase the level of superoxide dismutase. The major function of dietary chromium is to enhance insulin efficiency by promoting blood glucose uptake in animal metabolism [ 89 ] and improving glucose utilization [ 90 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Chromium-L-Methionine in Combination with a Zinc Amino Acid Complex or Selenomethionine on Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology, and Antioxidative Enzymes in Red Tilapia Oreochromis spp.

Limwachirakhom

Triwutanon

Chumkam

et al. 2022

Animals

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To consider diet optimization for the growth and health of fish under intensive aquaculture systems, with a focus on the farming of Nile tilapia and red tilapia in Thailand, we conducted an experiment based on a completely randomized design (CRD), with three treatments and four replicates. Three diets, supplemented with different trace minerals, were applied to selected groups of fish: (a) a control diet, without organic trace minerals supplementation; (b) a T1 diet of chromium-L-methionine at 500 ppb, in combination with a zinc amino acid complex at 60 parts per million (ppm); and (c) a T2 diet of chromium-L-methionine at 500 ppb in combination with selenomethionine at 300 ppb. Red tilapia with an initial mean weight of 190 ± 12 g/fish were randomly distributed into cages of 2 × 2 × 2.5 m in a freshwater pond (12 cages in total), with 34 fish per cage and a density of 17 fish/m3. During the 8 week feeding trial, the fish were fed 3–4% of their body weight twice a day. The fish were weighed, then blood samples were collected to study their immune responses. The intestines were collected, measured, and analyzed at the end of the feeding trial. The results showed that the red tilapia that were fed with diets of chromium-L-methionine in combination with a zinc amino acid complex in the T1 treatment had significantly (p < 0.05) higher final weights, weight gains, average daily gains (ADGs), and better feed conversion ratios (FCRs), compared with fish that were fed with the control diet without organic trace minerals and with fish that were fed with the T2 diet (p < 0.05). The midgut and hindgut villus heights of the group fed with chromium-L-methionine in combination with a zinc amino acid complex in the T1 treatment were significantly higher than those of the other groups (p < 0.05). The levels of the antioxidative enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lysozyme activity were not significantly different from those of fish that were fed with the control diet (p > 0.05), whereas the glutathione level tended to increase (p < 0.1) in fish that were fed with chromium-L-methionine in combination with selenomethionine in the T2 treatment. Therefore, we concluded that chromium-L-methionine in combination with a zinc amino acid complex or selenomethionine clearly enhanced red tilapia’s growth performance and feed utilization through the promotion of antioxidative enzyme activity and immune response.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Chromium-L-Methionine in Combination with a Zinc Amino Acid Complex or Selenomethionine on Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology, and Antioxidative Enzymes in Red Tilapia Oreochromis spp.

Limwachirakhom

Triwutanon

Chumkam

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…Zn is a trace element in the biological body second only to iron, widely distributed in various tissues and organs, with catalytic, structural and regulatory functions. Previous studies have shown that Zn is involved in regulating growth and development, oxidative stress and immune defense of various aquaculture animals, including sh and crustaceans (Dawood et al, 2022;Jiang et al, 2016). However, there has been no report for Apostichopus japonicus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary zinc on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, antioxidant status and immune responses of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Gao

Dong

et al. 2023

Preprint

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This study evaluated the effects of dietary zinc on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, antioxidant status and immune responses of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Five experimental diets were formulated with graded levels of zinc (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg/kg, respectively), and the actual dietary zinc values were 31.4, 51.0, 68.2, 91.9, and 110.8 mg/kg diet, respectively. Sea cucumbers were fed with diets for 2 months. The results showed the growth performance, amylase and trypsin activities of sea cucumber increased significantly with zinc supplementation, and the best growth performance and enzyme activities were observed at 40 mg/kg zinc diet. Zinc supplementation significantly increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), anti-superoxide anion (ASA) and inhibiting hydroxyl radical (AHR), while significantly reduced the malondialdehyde (MAD) content. Furthermore, the higher Zn supplementation levels resulted in significantly upregulated immune-related genes of hsp90、p105、rel、lsz, suggesting that excessive zinc caused oxidative stress. The broken-line regression analysis of specific growth rate (SGR) indicated dietary zinc requirement in sea cucumber was ~ 66.3 mg/kg diet.

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“…Zn has a catalytic role for numerous enzymes, aids intra and extra cellular metabolic functions as well as formation of hormones with diverse roles (i.e., growth, reproduction, immunity, etc.) ( Dawood et al, 2021 ; Lall, 2022 ). Zn supplementation has a positive effect on aquatic animal’s performance, immunity, antioxidant status as well as feed utilization and digestibility ( Dawood et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( Dawood et al, 2021 ; Lall, 2022 ). Zn supplementation has a positive effect on aquatic animal’s performance, immunity, antioxidant status as well as feed utilization and digestibility ( Dawood et al, 2021 ). Fe and Zn, among other components, function as co-factors or coenzyme precursors for essential long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC n –3 PUFA) biosynthesis ( Lewis et al, 2013 ) and play also role in the bioconversion of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in salmonids ( Mahfouz et al, 1989 ; Eder and Kirchgessner, 1994 ; Stangl and Kirchgessner, 1998 ; Zhou et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation of trace mineral supplementation in diets for Atlantic salmon smolt with reference to holistic fish performance in terms of growth, health, welfare, and potential environmental impacts

Kokkali,

Sveen,

Larsson

et al. 2023

Front. Physiol.

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The aquafeed ingredient inventory is ever changing, from marine to plant based, and recently evolving to incorporate increasing amounts of low trophic, side stream and circular economy based raw materials, each one contributing with variable amounts and qualities of macro- and micronutrients. Meeting the micronutrient requirement of farmed fish for healthy and efficient growth under normal and challenging conditions is of paramount importance. In this study we run a trial based on a 2 × 4 factorial design with three replications for each dietary treatment, where Atlantic salmon smolt were fed one of 8 experimental diets supplemented with either organic or inorganic mineral premixes (copper, iron, manganese, selenium, and zinc) at four dietary inclusion levels. We saw a trend for higher growth rate in the organic mineral groups irrespective of the dietary mineral levels. Mineral digestibility was negatively correlated with increasing mineral supplementation levels for all tested minerals but Se which increased with the increasing supplementation in the inorganic and up to the 2nd inclusion level in the organic mineral groups. Increasing mineral supplementation affected retention efficiency of Zn, Mn, Cu and Fe while mineral source affected only the retention of Se which was higher in the organic mineral groups. Moreover, fish obtained higher EPA and DHA in their body and increased slaughter yield in the organic as compared to the inorganic mineral groups and corroborated that trace mineral inclusion levels play a key role on salmon fillet’s technical quality. More effects from different origin and dietary inclusion levels of trace minerals were seen on fillet yield, fillet technical and nutritional quality, bone strength, skin morphology, organ mineralization and midgut transcriptome.

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The Role of Zinc Microelement in Aquaculture: a Review

Cited by 20 publications

References 73 publications

Effects of Chromium-L-Methionine in Combination with a Zinc Amino Acid Complex or Selenomethionine on Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology, and Antioxidative Enzymes in Red Tilapia Oreochromis spp.

Effects of Chromium-L-Methionine in Combination with a Zinc Amino Acid Complex or Selenomethionine on Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology, and Antioxidative Enzymes in Red Tilapia Oreochromis spp.

Effects of dietary zinc on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, antioxidant status and immune responses of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Optimisation of trace mineral supplementation in diets for Atlantic salmon smolt with reference to holistic fish performance in terms of growth, health, welfare, and potential environmental impacts

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