The role of working conditions in the formation of occupational morbidity of workers in metallurgical production

Abstract

Introduction. The working population health is the basis of human capital, which is a factor in the country’s sustainable economic development. The conditions of occupational activity rank first in the structure of health factors of a working person. Materials and methods. The working conditions and the structure of the newly identified occupational morbidity at a metallurgical enterprise located in the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan are analyzed based on statistical reporting documents on newly established occupational diseases for the period 2011-2019 and the hygienic characteristics of labour assessment presented by Rospotrebnadzor specialists with suspicion of an occupational aetiology of the diseases. Results. Over the past number of years, workers in manufacturing industries of the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB) have been diagnosed annually from 2.16 to 6.76 cases of occupational diseases per 10 thousand workers, which makes it possible to attribute these industries to a high level of occupational risk. Over the past decade, 117 cases (11 to 26 cases per year) of occupational diseases were detected at the enterprise for the first time. In the structure of nosological forms, musculoskeletal system diseases and connective tissue rank first. Limitations of the study. The limitation of this study is the lack of complete information about working conditions in the presented sanitary and hygienic characteristics. In recent years, there has been a decrease in registered occupational morbidity against the background of minor changes in working conditions. The identification of occupational diseases is often associated with the level of competence of employees of medical institutions who examine the relationship of the disease with the occupation and certain attitudes of the employee and employer. Conclusion. The working conditions of metallurgical workers are characterized by the impact of a complex of occupational factors, the leading of which is the intensity of the work process. The working conditions of this process are considered to be harmful Class 3 (3.3). Between 2011 and 2019, the link between the disease and occupational activity was established in 117 cases, mainly in workers (wire drawers, wire winders, repairmen, metal sorters) experiencing significant physical dynamic loads.

Studying the Ophthalmological Status of Workers Employed in the Modern Oil Industry of Azerbaijan

“…Рефрактометрия проводилась на автоматическом кераторефрактометре RC-5000 (TOMEY, Japan), офтальмоскопия глазного дна проводилась на щелевой лампе TOMEY TSL-5000 (Tomey, Japan) с помощью линз (Ocular High Mag 78D, Ocular Instruments Inc., USA). Изучаемые диагнозы классифицировались по нозологическим группам глазной патологии согласно МКБ-10 по следующим группам [11,12]: заболевания век, заболевания конъюнктивы и роговицы; различные офтальмологические новообразования; заболевания сосудистого тракта; болезни хрусталика и стекловидного тела, нарушения гидродинамики глаза (внутриглазное давление); заболевания зрительного нерва и сетчатки; аномалии рефракции и прочие болезни органа зрения.…”

Assessing index of accumulated cytogenetic disorders in workers employed in metallurgy under exposure to adverse occupaitonal factors

“…Despite massive modernization which is now taking place in the industry, workers employed in it are still exposed to variable adverse occupational factors. They include noise, heating microclimate, industrial dusts, flammable, explosive and poisonous substances, vibration, ultra-sound, electromagnetic radiation as well as substantial physical loads and work in night shifts [1,[5][6][7]. Domestic studies have confirmed a substantial role that belongs to adverse occupational factors at metallurgic production in developing pathologies of various organs and systems [8,9], including upper respiratory mucosa.…”