The role of wood decay fungi in the carbon and nitrogen dynamics of the forest floor

Watkinson, Sarah C.; Bebber, Dan; Darrah, P. R.; Fricker, Mark D.; Tlalka, M.; Boddy, Lynne

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511550522.008

Cited by 93 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 128 publications

(125 reference statements)

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“…Even in the case of YE high , for which cellulose uptake was quite significant, MR is identical to control, thus indicating that carbon was actually used for growth rather than for maintenance via respiration. It is widely accepted that under nutrient stress conditions, more carbon is used for the production of energy via respiration than assimilated in the microbial biomass, not only in the case of basidiomycetes [27], but for other types of microorganisms as well [28].…”

Section: Effect Of Nitrogen Supplementation On the Lignocellulosic Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Pretreatment of Willow Sawdust with Abortiporus biennis for Anaerobic Digestion: Impact of an External Nitrogen Source

et al. 2017

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Abstract:In this study the effect of nitrogen (N) supplementation in the fungal pretreatment of willow sawdust (WSD) via the white rot fungus Abortiporus biennis (A. biennis) was studied in terms of the fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass and biochemical methane potential (BMP). Thus, different external nitrogen sources (yeast extract (YE), urea (UR), and ammonium nitrate (AN)) at different ratios (N/C of 1/250 and 1/50) were added and the effect of the above parameters on the chemical composition of WSD during solid-state fermentation (SSF) experiments with A. biennis was assessed and compared to the experiment of fungal pretreatment without N supplementation (N/C was 1/500, control experiment). The results indicated that the addition of an external nitrogen source did not facilitate delignification, regardless of the type of nitrogen source and the ratio of N/C used. On the other hand, enhanced cellulose uptake was observed. Samples of the 28th day of cultivation, with and without N supplementation, were used for BMP tests, where a reduction in methane yield was observed, compared to the control experiment. In addition, a combination of fungal with alkali (20% NaOH w/w dry mass) pretreatment was performed in order to assess the effect of combined pretreatment on the lignocellulosic content and the BMP.

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Section: Effect Of Nitrogen Supplementation On the Lignocellulosic Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Pretreatment of Willow Sawdust with Abortiporus biennis for Anaerobic Digestion: Impact of an External Nitrogen Source

et al. 2017

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“…Los porcentajes más altos de celulosa se encontraron en madera recién caída al suelo (estado inicial de degradación) de N. betuloides (47.91%) y S. conspicua (47.29%), disminuyendo gradualmente en función de la degradación, hasta llegar al valor extremo de 4.3% y 3.9% en ambas especies forestales, respectivamente, lo cual constituye un excelente indicador del metabolismo microbiano, especialmente de hongos que degradan celulosa para obtener fuentes carbonadas (Watkinson et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Entre las contribuciones de esta necromasa, se destacan la función de sustrato para plántulas de regeneración del bosque, hábitat para meso y microbiota, etc., (Brown et al, 2013). Durante su descomposición se liberan gradualmente nutrientes y formas orgánicas e inorgánicas de carbono (C), (Watkinson et al, 2006), constituyendo uno de los procesos más importantes del reciclaje en ecosistemas terrestres, por el aporte de nutrientes al suelo y la formación de materia orgánica (González-Polo et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Contenidos De Celulosa Y Lignina En Restos Lignino- Celulósicos De Gran Tamaño (Necromasa) En Un Bosque Templado De Antiguo Crecimiento Del Centro-Sur de Chile

Pinargote

Bórquez

Pilozo

et al. 2016

ESJ

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The evaluation of volume, necromass, states of decay, solubility, and cellulose and lignin content in coarse woody debris (RLC) accumulated in an evergreen temperate forest of old-growth in the Puyehue National Park, South-Central Chile. Ten plots of 900 m 2 each, were quantified for RLC (≥ 10 cm diameter). For necromass quantification was used a scale of five categories/states of decay, necromass (1 = lowest and 5 = highest

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“…The N content on media with low C-to-N ratios ranges from 1.3 to 5.0% (22). Others have reported a range of 1 to 8% N for different fungi in culture (13) or 2 to 4% N for woodland saprophytes (38).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Vacuole System Is a Significant Intracellular Pathway for Longitudinal Solute Transport in Basidiomycete Fungi

et al. 2006

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Mycelial fungi have a growth form which is unique among multicellular organisms. The data presented here suggest that they have developed a unique solution to internal solute translocation involving a complex, extended vacuole. In all filamentous fungi examined, this extended vacuole forms an interconnected network, dynamically linked by tubules, which has been hypothesized to act as an internal distribution system. We have tested this hypothesis directly by quantifying solute movement within the organelle by photobleaching a fluorescent vacuolar marker. Predictive simulation models were then used to determine the transport characteristics over extended length scales. This modeling showed that the vacuolar organelle forms a functionally important, bidirectional diffusive transport pathway over distances of millimeters to centimeters. Flux through the pathway is regulated by the dynamic tubular connections involving homotypic fusion and fission. There is also a strongly predicted interaction among vacuolar organization, predicted diffusion transport distances, and the architecture of the branching colony margin.Mycelial fungi have a growth form which is unique among multicellular organisms and which maintains a highly polarized internal cellular organization to support tip extension. Saprotrophic fungi are particularly adept at foraging for resources, often over inert substrates. This demands a bidirectional internal transport system to provide the tip with sufficient nutrients to maintain growth and to return newly discovered resources to the parent colony. However, despite the central importance of nutrient translocation to fungal growth, the mechanism(s) that drives transport and the identity of the transport pathway(s) are not known (5).It is well established that the vacuole serves as a storage compartment for (poly)phosphate (1, 2) and nitrogen (N), particularly as N-rich amino acids (19), and as these compounds are also extensively translocated in both mycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi (3, 5), it has been proposed that the vacuole system may be directly involved in their longitudinal movement (1, 3). Vacuolar organization is unique in the filamentous fungi, with all species so far examined possessing a highly dynamic pleiomorphic tubular vacuolar system (1,2,6,16,25,28,32,33,36). While superficially similar reticulate vacuolar networks appear during normal vacuole ontogeny in yeasts (39) and plants (e.g., see reference 20) or in specialized cells such as pollen tubes (14), only in the filamentous fungi does the vacuole form a constitutive, physically contiguous, extended organelle spanning several cell (septal) compartments over a considerable physical distance. If this vacuole supported transport, it would provide an internal compartment, separate from the cytoplasm, with high concentrations of solutes and would contribute to bidirectional solute movement (2). However, despite the unique nature and considerable potential importance of such an intracellular transport system to filamentous fungi, to date t...

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The role of wood decay fungi in the carbon and nitrogen dynamics of the forest floor

Cited by 93 publications

References 128 publications

Fungal Pretreatment of Willow Sawdust with Abortiporus biennis for Anaerobic Digestion: Impact of an External Nitrogen Source

Fungal Pretreatment of Willow Sawdust with Abortiporus biennis for Anaerobic Digestion: Impact of an External Nitrogen Source

Contenidos De Celulosa Y Lignina En Restos Lignino- Celulósicos De Gran Tamaño (Necromasa) En Un Bosque Templado De Antiguo Crecimiento Del Centro-Sur de Chile

The Vacuole System Is a Significant Intracellular Pathway for Longitudinal Solute Transport in Basidiomycete Fungi

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