The role of wave energy converter farms on coastal protection in eroding deltas, Guadalfeo, southern Spain

Bergillos, Rafael J.; López‐Ruiz, Alejandro; Medina-López, Encarni; Moñino, Antonio; Ortega-Sánchez, Miguel

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.10.018

Cited by 59 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…However, a complete discussion on this topic is difficult to carry out, since at this moment there is no operational wave farm and therefore most of the existing studies are focused on theoretical case studies. More than this, each geographical area is defined by particular characteristics from which we can mention the bathymetry, the orientation of the shoreline, or the severity of the wave conditions [51][52][53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Expected Shoreline Effect of a Marine Energy Farm Operating Close to Sardinia Island

Onea

Rusu

2019

Water

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Coastal areas are defined by numerous opportunities and threats. Among them we can mention emerging renewable projects and on the other hand coastal erosion. In the present work, the impact of a generic wind–wave farm on the nearshore waves and currents in the vicinity of the Porto Ferro inlet (northwest Sardinia) was assessed. Using a reanalysis wave dataset that covers a 40-year interval (1979–2018), the most relevant wave characteristics in the target area were identified. These can reach during winter a maximum value of 7.35 m for the significant wave height. As a next step, considering a modeling system that combines a wave model (simulating waves nearshore (SWAN)) and a surf model, the coastal impact of some generic marine energy farms defined by a transmission coefficient of 25% was assessed. According to the results corresponding to the reference sites and lines defined close to the shore, it becomes obvious that there is a clear attenuation in terms of significant wave heights, and as regards current velocities, although the general tendency for them to decrease, there are, however, some situations when the values of the nearshore current velocities can also decrease. Finally, we can mention that the presence of a marine energy farm seems to be beneficial for the beach stability in this particular coastal environment, and in some cases the transformation of the breaking waves from plunging to spilling is noticed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Expected Shoreline Effect of a Marine Energy Farm Operating Close to Sardinia Island

Onea

Rusu

2019

Water

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“…This especially concerns the collocation of the wave farms in the vicinity of the future wind projects, so that to benefit from important cost reductions related to the grid connection and to the operational expenditures (OPEX). Furthermore, an important additional argument in favor of marine energy farms is that they may play a significant role in coastal protection [25][26][27]. At this point, it has to be highlighted that the western side of the Black Sea is currently subjected to high erosion processes that need very expensive periodical investments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many coastal areas in the Black Sea are subjected to high erosion processes and the future nearshore farms can play an important role in the coastal protection, because they extract (or dissipate) part of the wave energy before the waves arriving to the shore [19][20][21][22][23][24]. Furthermore, this is a general problem for many coastal environments and the marine energy farms, besides providing electricity, can become an effective solution in the struggle against the coastal erosion [25][26][27].From this perspective, the present work has as a main objective to assess the most recent wave energy propagation patterns in the western side of the Black Sea. This considers also the fact that there is an obvious dynamics of the wave climate in the Black Sea having as a consequence important changes in the actual patterns of the nearshore wave propagation and inducing significant enhancements of the wave power.…”

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confidence: 99%

Study of the Wave Energy Propagation Patterns in the Western Black Sea

Rusu

2018

Applied Sciences

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The most relevant patterns of the wave energy propagation in the western side of the Black Sea were assessed in the present work. The emphasis was put on the western side because this is also the most energetic part of the Black Sea. The assessments performed relate some recent results provided by a numerical wave modeling system based on the spectrum concept. The SWAN model (acronym for Simulating Waves Nearshore) was considered. This was implemented over the entire sea basin and focused with increasing resolution in the geographical space towards the Romanian nearshore. Furthermore, some data assimilation techniques have also been implemented, such that the results provided are accurate and reliable. Special attention was paid to the high, but not extreme, winter wave energy conditions. The cases considered are focused on the coastal waves generated by distant storms, which means the local wind has not very high values in the targeted areas. This also takes into account the fact that the configuration of the environmental matrix in the Black Sea is currently subjected to significant changes mainly due to the climate change. From this perspective, the present work illustrates some of the most recent patterns of wave energy propagation in the western side of the Black Sea, considering eight different SWAN computational domains. According to most of the recent evaluations, the nearshore of the Black Sea is characterized by an average wave power lower than 6 kW/m. The results of the present work show that there is a real tendency of the wave energy enhancement. This tendency, especially concerns the western side of the basin, where in the high conditions considered, values of the wave power about 10 times greater than the average have been noticed. despite some initial difficulties related to the high cost of installation and operating conditions in the harsh marine environment, very high dynamics in increasing the efficiency of the offshore wind can be also noticed. This is measured, especially through the levelized cost of energy (LCOE), which reached a record value of about 7 c€/kWh in 2017, or less. Thus, 5.5 c€/kWh have been reported at the 700 MW Borssele (The Netherlands) due to government tender and size, and 5c €/kWh (without transmission) at the 600 MW Kriegers Flak (Denmark) [2]. This means the offshore wind becomes now not only the cheapest marine renewable energy resource, but it is also cheaper than some traditional resources. For example, the current average LCOE for atomic energy is still about 11 c€/kWh, or greater [3].Various studies [4][5][6][7] showed that the wind energy resources along the coasts of the Black Sea, and especially in its western side, are comparable with those from many offshore wind farms that are already operational [8][9][10][11]. Thus, it is expected that the high dynamics of the offshore wind industry will have as a result also the implementation of some wind farm projects in the nearshore of the Black Sea, in general and in its western side, which is more energetic, in spe...

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“…Even so, it has the potential to become a major contributor to the global energy market, particularly that of electricity demand. On the other hand, there are opportunities for synergies with more mature industries/sectors (e.g., the offshore wind) and fields of research, such as aquaculture [6], coastal protection [7], freshwater production by desalination plants [8] or the shipping and harbor activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of a Hybrid Wave Energy Converter Integrated in a Harbor Breakwater

Rosa-Santos

Taveira-Pinto

Clemente

et al. 2019

JMSE

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Sea ports are infrastructures with substantial energy demands and often responsible for air pollution and other environmental problems, which may be minimized by using renewable energy, namely electricity harvested from ocean waves. In this regard, a wide variety of concepts to harvest wave energy are available and some shoreline technologies are already in an advanced development phase. The SE@PORTS project aims to assess the suitability and viability of existing wave energy conversion technologies to be integrated in harbor breakwaters, in order to take advantage of their high exposure to ocean waves. This paper describes the experimental study carried out to assess the performance of a hybrid wave energy converter (WEC) integrated in the rubble-mound structure that was proposed for the extension of the North breakwater of the Port of Leixões, Portugal. The hybrid concept combines the overtopping and the oscillating water column principles and was tested on a geometric scale of 1/50. This paper is focused on the assessment of the effects of the hybrid WEC integration on the case-study breakwater, both in terms of its stability and functionality. The 2D physical model included the reproduction of the seabed bathymetry in front of the breakwater and the generation of a wide range of irregular sea states, including extreme wave conditions. The experimental results shown that the integration of the hybrid WEC in the breakwater does not worsens the stability of its toe berm blocks and reduces the magnitude of the overtopping events. The conclusions obtained are therefore favorable to the integration of this type of devices on harbor breakwaters.

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The role of wave energy converter farms on coastal protection in eroding deltas, Guadalfeo, southern Spain

Cited by 59 publications

References 55 publications

The Expected Shoreline Effect of a Marine Energy Farm Operating Close to Sardinia Island

The Expected Shoreline Effect of a Marine Energy Farm Operating Close to Sardinia Island

Study of the Wave Energy Propagation Patterns in the Western Black Sea

Experimental Study of a Hybrid Wave Energy Converter Integrated in a Harbor Breakwater

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