The Role of Water and Lithology on the Deformation and Failure of an Anaclinal Rock Slope in a Hydropower Reservoir

Abstract

A series of settlement, cracking, and collapse of the Zhengjiaping slope has been increasingly developing since October 2015 during impoundment at the Dagangshan Hydropower Station. It is a dangerous signal, which means thatlandslide potential will be existed for the Zhengjiaping slope and poses greatthreat to the operation of hydropower station and traffic safety. Related slope protection measures and research studies have been implemented accordingly in the Zhengjiaping slope to prevent and control adverse influences on property security and human life in the reservoir area. In order to understand the geological and hydrological settings of the Zhengjiaping slope and its surroundings, a field investigation was carried out to determine the lithological composition and toppling/sliding deformation characteristics using exploratory adit and site boreholes. The large deformation process in the apparently deformed area was analyzed using borehole inclinometers and global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). It was found that the apparently deformed area zone was characterized by crushed rock masses, with only a small amount of slope deposits and the sliding deformation occurring in Zone I. The deformation process of the reservoir landslide was considered to be a complex integration of the geological effects of various adverse factors. Impoundment and heavy rainfall are the direct causes of sliding deformation. During the preparation of the basic conditions for sliding, lithology, tectonic activity, and artificial disturbances play an important role, including the sliding mass and the sliding surface zone.

Ground Deformation Monitoring for Subway Structure Safety Based on GNSS

“…Most current research focuses on observation projects, such as urban railway control network designs [14,15], landslide warnings [16][17][18][19], high fill settlements [20][21][22], ground deformation [23][24][25], and crustal movement [26][27][28][29], achieving good technical results. Fewer studies have addressed GNSS ground deformation along subway lines and GNSS technology is affected by errors, such as satellite ephemeris, tropospheric delay, and multipath effect errors.…”

Stability assessment for hard anti-inclined bedded rock slopes using a limit equilibrium method

“…Toppling, being as a primary failure mode of anti-inclined bedded rock slopes, widely exists in natural and engineering slopes (Chen et al, 2020;Franziska et al, 2019;Gu and Huang, 2016). This failure can be generally divided into three kinds, i.e., flexural toppling, blocky toppling and block-flexure toppling (Goodman and Bray, 1976).…”

A Typical Basalt Platform Landslide: Mechanism and Stability Prediction of Xiashan Landslide

“…In recent years, many scholars have carried out a series of research on slope stability analysis. Cai [6], Wang [7], and Chen [8] collected information on the geological structure, material properties, and macroscopic deformation of a landslide by means of exploration, drilling, and Global Navigation Satellite System. ey used the limit equilibrium method and finite element strength subtraction to research slope stability and found that water storage and rainstorm are closely related to landslide deformation.…”