The role of vitamin C in stress-related disorders

Moritz, Bettina; Schmitz, Ariana Ern; Rodrigues, Ana Lúcia S.; Dafre, Alcir Luiz; Cunha, Maurício P.

doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108459

Cited by 81 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 221 publications

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“…While preliminary, these results highlight the potential role of antioxidants in mitigating the downstream effects of inflammation on the brain, including glutamate metabolism. Indeed, several studies have reported that ascorbic acid supplements produce an antidepressant (and not anxiolytic, suggesting specificity) effect [for a review, see (56)]. The low toxicity and high tolerance of Asc may make FIGURE 3 | Higher levels of IL-6 at baseline are associated with higher levels of Glu in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher Levels of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Are Associated With Higher Levels of Glutamate in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Depressed Adolescents

Teresi

Segarra

et al. 2021

Front. Psychiatry

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Animal models of stress and related conditions, including depression, have shown that elevated peripheral levels of inflammatory cytokines have downstream consequences on glutamate (Glu) in the brain. Although studies in human adults with depression have reported evidence of higher inflammation but lower Glu in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), the extent to which peripheral inflammation contributes to glutamatergic abnormalities in adolescents with depression is not well-understood. It is also unclear whether antioxidants, such as ascorbate (Asc), may buffer against the effects of inflammation on Glu metabolism. Fifty-five depressed adolescents were recruited in the present cross-sectional study and provided blood samples, from which we assayed pro-inflammatory cytokines, and underwent a short-TE proton magnetic spectroscopy scan at 3T, from which we estimated Glu and Asc in the dorsal ACC. In the 31 adolescents with usable cytokine and Glu data, we found that IL-6 was significantly positively associated with dorsal ACC Glu (β = 0.466 ± 0.199, p = 0.029). Of the 16 participants who had usable Asc data, we found that at higher levels of dorsal ACC Asc, there was a negative association between IL-6 and Glu (interaction effect: β = −0.906 ± 0.433, p = 0.034). Importantly, these results remained significant when controlling for age, gender, percentage of gray matter in the dorsal ACC voxel, BMI, and medication (antidepressant and anti-inflammatory) usage. While preliminary, our results underscore the importance of examining both immune and neural contributors to depression and highlight the potential role of anti-inflammatory compounds in mitigating the adverse effects of inflammation (e.g., glutamatergic neuroexcitotoxicity). Future studies that experimentally manipulate levels of inflammation, and of ascorbate, and that characterize these effects on cortical glutamate concentrations and subsequent behavior in animals and in humans are needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher Levels of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Are Associated With Higher Levels of Glutamate in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Depressed Adolescents

Teresi

Segarra

et al. 2021

Front. Psychiatry

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“…The levels of organic acids were enhanced after germination and fermentation treatments, leading to the highest organic acids content in the L. reuterii AKT1 fermented brown rice sample (Table S4). Organic acids like ascorbic acid [49], p-coumaric acid [50], hydroxybutyric acid [51] and lipoic acid [52] were widely reported as strong antioxidants, as well as in the improvement of stress-related disorders in various studies. Fermentation triggers the structural degradation of the cell wall via the metabolic activities of microbes, leading to the synthesis of different bioactive compounds [53].…”

Section: Organic Acid Level In Brown Rice Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untargeted Metabolomics of Korean Fermented Brown Rice Using UHPLC Q-TOF MS/MS Reveal an Abundance of Potential Dietary Antioxidative and Stress-Reducing Compounds

et al. 2021

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Free radical-induced oxidative stress is the root cause of many diseases, such as diabetes, stress and cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this research was to screen GABA levels, antioxidant activities and bioactive compounds in brown rice. In this study, we first fermented brown rice with different lactic acid bacteria (LABs), and the best LAB was selected based on the levels of GABA in the fermentate. Lactobacillus reuterii generated the highest levels of GABA after fermentation. To ascertain whether germination can improve the GABA levels of brown rice, we compared the levels of GABA in raw brown rice (Raw), germinated brown rice (Germ), fermented brown rice (Ferm) and fermented-germinated brown rice (G+F) to identify the best approach. Then, antioxidant activities were investigated for Raw BR, Germ BR, Ferm BR and G+F BR. Antioxidant activity was calculated using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazile radical assay, 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylene benzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical assay and ferric-reducing antioxidant power. In Ferm BR, DPPH (114.40 ± 0.66), ABTS (130.52 ± 0.97) and FRAP (111.16 ± 1.83) mg Trolox equivalent 100g, dry weight (DW), were observed as the highest among all samples. Total phenolic content (97.13 ± 0.59) and total flavonoids contents (79.62 ± 1.33) mg GAE/100 g and catechin equivalent/100 g, DW, were also found to be highest in fermented BR. Furthermore, an untargeted metabolomics approach using ultra-high-performance liquid tandem chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry revealed the abundance of bioactive compounds in fermented BR, such as GABA, tryptophan, coumaric acid, L-ascorbic acid, linoleic acid, β-carotenol, eugenol, 6-gingerol, etc., as well as bioactive peptides which could contribute to the health-promoting properties of L. reuterii fermented brown rice.

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“…The results of the analysis of variance showed insignificant effect of transportation on body weight loss (P> 0.05). Vitamin C supplementation is reported effective to combat stress and weight loss [22] [23]. In order to meet the vitamin C requirement during heat stress, a higher level of red dragon fruit peel flour supplementation is needed.…”

Section: Effects Of Transportation On Body Weight Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Responses and Blood Profile of Broiler Chicken Supplemented with Red Dragon Fruit Peel (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Subjected to Transportation Stress

Nurmeiliasari¹,

Fenita²,

Zitriyani³

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the International Seminar on Promoting Local Resources for Sustainable Agriculture and Development (ISPLRSAD 202

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Measurements on physiological responses and blood profile in 60 broiler chickens were conducted to evaluate the effect of red dragon fruit peel supplementations against three-hour road transportation stress. Broiler chickens aged 35 days were distributed into four treatment groups based on levels of red dragon fruit peel supplementation (0 g per head; 2.43g per head; 3.64g per head and 4.86 g/head). The birds were loaded into plastic crates and transported for three hours. After athree hour road transportation, the chickens were unloaded to measure respiration rate, rectal temperature and body weight loss. Blood samples were collected for changes in selected hematological parameters. Respiration rates and rectal temperatures were monitored before and after transportation process. The broilers were weighed before and after transportation. During transportation, the temperature and humidity were ranging from 33,55 -35,6 ˚C and 60,25 -64 %, respectively. There were no significant effects of dragon fruit peel supplementation on physiological responses and weight loss. The number of leukocytes and erythrocytes were not different from those of control broilers. Similarly, levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit values were not affected by supplementation of red dragon fruit peel. Measurements of leukocyte differentiation showed insignificant different; thus, the supplementation did not affect ratio of heterophyl: lymphocyte of broilers. In conclusion, supplementation of dragon fruit peel did not affect physiological responses and blood profile of broiler chicken subjected to transportation stress.

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The role of vitamin C in stress-related disorders

Cited by 81 publications

References 221 publications

Higher Levels of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Are Associated With Higher Levels of Glutamate in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Depressed Adolescents

Higher Levels of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Are Associated With Higher Levels of Glutamate in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Depressed Adolescents

Untargeted Metabolomics of Korean Fermented Brown Rice Using UHPLC Q-TOF MS/MS Reveal an Abundance of Potential Dietary Antioxidative and Stress-Reducing Compounds

Physiological Responses and Blood Profile of Broiler Chicken Supplemented with Red Dragon Fruit Peel (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Subjected to Transportation Stress

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