The role of visual media in religious tourists’ destination image, choice, and on-site experience: the case of Tinos, Greece

Abstract

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Characteristics of destination image: visitors and non-visitors’ images of London

“…While Figure 1 clusters the characteristics of destination image into distinct dimensions, they are collectively imperative for explaining this latent construct and could often intertwine. A non-visitor for example who has increased interest in a destination or might have been influenced by visual media including TV drama series, documentaries and movies (Kim, 2012;Pan and Tsang, 2014;Terzidou, Stylidis and Terzidis, 2017) could also develop a more complex and specific image of a destination. Although not directly studied, it is also suggested here that the level of confidence one exhibits in his own image could be the outcome of the other characteristics.…”

Destination loyalty explained through place attachment, destination familiarity and destination image

“…Differences in tourists' observed levels of knowledge could be due to education, media coverage, books, travel guides, social media and personal contact with others (Baloglu, 2001;Gursoy, 2011;Terzidou, Stylidis, & Terzidis, 2018). Following this last line of researchers, familiarity was operationalized in this study using two proxies: informational familiarity (Frias, Rodriguez, & Castaneda, 2008;Wong & Liu, 2011) and self-rated familiarity (Baloglu, 2001;Hammitt, Backlund, & Bixler, 2006;Tan & Wu, 2016).…”

“…Ideally, such loyalty programs should be developed in partnerships with service providers at the destination level, focusing on market segments which are of mutual interest for both parties. Building on customer relationship management, destinations will be less vulnerable to unexpected changes on image due to events such as terror, political unrest, change in social system, or visual media like films (e.g., Gartner & Shen, 1994;Kim, Stylidis, & Oh, 2019;Terzidou et al, 2018). For example, the positive image of Greece has been tarnished by political unrest as well as economic crisis.…”

Is perception of destination image stable or does it fluctuate? A measurement of three points in time

“…However, only a few papers have underlined the need to split the image formation process into at least three different stages (before/a priori, during/in situ, and after/a posteriori), as image is a dynamic concept, and peoples' perceptions can change over time (Gallarza et al, ; Gunn, ; Kim, Mckercher, & Lee, ; Smith et al, ). Extraneous factors or reasons can often influence a change of image perception such as watching advertising campaigns (Pan, Santos, & Kim, ; Shani, Chen, Wang, & Hua, ) or TV series/films (Kim, Kim, Agrusa, & Lee, ; Shani, Wang, Hudson, & Gil, ; Terzidou, Stylidis, & Terzidis, ), engaging with social media (Kim, Choe, & Lee, ; Pike et al, ), and attending or watching internationally significant (Gartner & Shen, ) or mega events (Kim & Morrison, ).…”