The role of vasopressin in blood pressure regulation immediately following acute haemorrhage in the rat

Laycock, John; Penn, Wm.; Shirley, DG; Walter, S. J.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1979.sp013004

Cited by 112 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Arterial blood pressure and renal vascular resistance were determined 5 min before and 30 min after arterial haemorrhage (1'5 % body wt. These results provide further evidence that AVP contributes to the maintenance of blood pressure after haemorrhage (Laycock, Penn, Shirley & Walter, 1979), and indicate that the pressor action of AVP in this situation is at least partly due to an increase in renal vascular resistance. (Navar & Langford, 1974).…”

Section: Cb24atsupporting

confidence: 58%

Proceedings of the Physiological Society, 16‐17 July 1982, Cambridge Meeting: Communications

1982

The Journal of Physiology

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In three experiments 2 #g ACTH potentiated the inhibitory effects of morphine.This opiate-like action of ACTH was even more apparent at higher doses. The pressure response to hypertonic sodium chloride was substantially reduced and in one case completely abolished by 10 jug ACTH (n = 3) in the absence of morphine, an effect that was antagonized by naloxone.These experiments show that opiate inhibition of the release of neurohypophysial hormones may be attenuated by low doses of ACTH. At higher doses ACTH appears to have an opiate-like action. This suggests that the effects ofACTH and endorphin-like peptides on the release of neurohypophysial hormones may depend upon their relative concentrations -perhaps as a consequence of the differential processing of their common precursor.

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Section: Cb24atsupporting

confidence: 58%

Proceedings of the Physiological Society, 16‐17 July 1982, Cambridge Meeting: Communications

1982

The Journal of Physiology

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“…AVP appears to playa physiological role in the prevention of hemorrhagic hypotension. In previously reported studies on the hemodynamic importance of AVP, its blood pressure-elevating effects have been most apparent following hemorrhage and followigbaroreceptor denervation (4,7,8,12,17). The results of the present study imply that AVP is of even greater importance in the prevention of hemorrhagic hypotension in young than in adult rats.…”

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confidence: 64%

Role of Arginine Vasopressin in Blood Pressure Control in Young Rats

1984

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SummaryWe investigated the importance of arginine-vasopressin (AVP) for blood pressure control in young and adult rats. Most of the studies were performed on Brattleboro rats with complete diabetes insipidus (DI). In some protocols, Sprague-Dawley rats (SD) were also used. The rats were age 20-24 days (young) or 50-80 days (adult). Adult DI rats have a significantly higher mean arterial pressure (MAP) than adult SD rats. The studies were performed during normovolemia and hypovolemia. Hypovolemia was created by the rapid withdrawal of blood, 0.5-1.5% of body weight. Following bleeding 0.5% of the body weight, young DI rats had a significantly larger decrease in MAP than adult DI and young and adult SD rats. Continuous infusion of AVP (2000 pg ·100 g-l min-I) blunted the hemorrhagic hypotension in the DI rats.In all groups of rats studied, AVP had little effect on the MAP during normovolemia. The effect of AVP (given in a bolus dose of20 or 2000 pg.l00 g-l) on the MAP was in DI rats significantly related to the MAP immediately prior to the AVP administration. No effect on MAP was observed when the initial MAP was 105-112 mm in the young DI rats and 148-157 mmin the adult DI rats. The effect of AVP (20 pg·100 g-l) appeared to be submaximal to maximal. In anaesthetized SD rats, the basal AVP production was higher in the young than in the adult animals. Following bleeding, serum AVP increased in both young and adult rats but the increase was significant only in the adult rats.Abbreviations AVP, arginine vasopressin DI, diabetes insipidus BW, body weight SD, Sprague-Dawley MAP, mean arterial pressure Several investigators have reported that the serum levels of AVP are high in the perinatal period (9, 10). Pohjavuori and Fyhrquist (9) found that the AVP levels in serum from cord blood could be 100 times higher than in serum from the mother.It is generally recognized that AVP may have both an antidiuretic (14) and a hemodynamic effect (3,6,10). It is also well documented that the response to the antidiuretic effect is not fully developed at birth (12, 13). Newborn infants given high doses of DDAVP intranasally continue to produce an almost isotonic urine (15). Studies on isolated collecting tubules from rabbits have shown that the maximal increase in cAMP following exposure to AVP is significantly less in immature than in mature collecting tubules (13). Pohjavuori and Fyhrquist (9) therefore suggested that the high AVP production in the perinatal period was of importance primarily for blood pressure control.The vascular effects of AVP are less well investigated than the antidiuretic effects. The doses of AVP generally required to elicit significant changes in blood pressure are often 100 to 1000 times higher than the doses required to produce antidiuretic effects. The fact that hemorrhage is a potent stimulus for AVP release (4, 5) suggests that AVP is important for the prevention of hemorrhagic hypotension.The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of AVP for blood pressure control in hemorrhagic hypotension in y...

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“…The dose of vasopressin needed to produce a rise in arterial pressure is 10-100-fold those required to produce maximum antidiuresis (MOHRING,1978). However, evidence has been accumulating lately that under certain conditions vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone is secreted in amounts enough to raise arterial pressure (MoHRING et al, 1977;LAYCOCK et al, 1979;COWLEY et al, 1980;AL-AZZAWI and SHIRLEY, 1982;CHAROCOPOS et a1.,1982;GOLDSMITH et al, 1982). Secretion of vasopressin is regulated mainly by osmotic receptors, cardiopulmonary stretch receptors and sinoaortic baroreceptors .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In the rat, secretion of vasopressin in pressor amounts has been observed following water-deprivation or hemorrhage (LAYCOCK et al, 1979;AISENBREY et al, 1981;ANDREWS and BRENNER, 1981;AL-AZZAWI and SHIRLEY, 1982). In water-replete and normovolemic rats, pressor amounts of vasopressin seem to be secreted only under restricted conditions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Conditions for secretion of vasopressin in pressor amounts in water-replete rats.

Iriuchijima

1983

Jpn.J.Physiol

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Conditions for secretion of pressor amounts of vasopressin were sought in conscious, water-replete rats. The characteristic lowering of arterial pressure on injection of a vasopressin antagonist was used to detect vasopressin secretion in pressor amounts. The absence or marked abatement of both baroreceptor impulses and adrenomedullary secretion were found necessary for secretion of vasopressin in pressor amounts : the vasopressin antagonist lowered arterial pressure in rats with sinoaortic denervation and ganglion blockade or adrenalectomy. Besides baroreceptor activity and adrenomedullary secretion, anesthetics were also found inhibitory on vasopressin release in pressor amounts. The adrenomedullary hormone signaling the presence of adrenomedullary activity to the vasopressin releasing mechanism was identified as noradrenaline and not adrenaline. It is suggested that the vasopressin pressor mechanism is recruited to sustain arterial pressure when the sympathoadrenal system fails.

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The role of vasopressin in blood pressure regulation immediately following acute haemorrhage in the rat

Cited by 112 publications

References 19 publications

Proceedings of the Physiological Society, 16‐17 July 1982, Cambridge Meeting: Communications

Proceedings of the Physiological Society, 16‐17 July 1982, Cambridge Meeting: Communications

Role of Arginine Vasopressin in Blood Pressure Control in Young Rats

Conditions for secretion of vasopressin in pressor amounts in water-replete rats.

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