The role of unemployment in parasuicide

Jones, Sandra C.; Forster, D. P.; Hassanyeh, F.

doi:10.1017/s0033291700014756

Cited by 41 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The rate of unemployment was higher than that reported for the population as a whole (Directorate of Statistics, 1994). This is in agreement with the published data on the strong association between unemployment and self-poisoning (Platt, 1984;Jones et al, 1991). Significantly more males had received more years of education.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Overdose among youth in Bahrain: psycho-social characteristics, contact with helping agencies and problems

Al-Ansari

Hamadeh

Matar

et al. 1997

Journal of the Royal Society of Health

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A one year cohort of 67 overdose attempts among youth (15-24 years) was examined as part of a case control study. The prevalence rate of 105 per 100,000 population is lower than reported rates in the West but higher than those for the region. The majority of attempters were females and nationals who used paracetamol, and their suicide intent was low. Thirteen percent visited a helping agency in the previous week and 18% in the previous month. The most common difficulties preceding the overdoses were problems with parents, school or work, social isolation and problems with boyfriends, or girlfriends respectively. Adjustment disorder was the most common diagnosis followed by depression. A seasonal variation was noted with 46% of the cases occurring in the summer months. The implications of these findings with respect to future policy making and prevention were discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Overdose among youth in Bahrain: psycho-social characteristics, contact with helping agencies and problems

Al-Ansari

Hamadeh

Matar

et al. 1997

Journal of the Royal Society of Health

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“…Whether such associations reflect causation or the increased propensity of psychologically vulnerable individuals to both undesirable economic experiences and suicide remains controversial. Some work reports that unemployment predicts suicide after adjusting for confounding by mental illness (9, 15, 123), while other studies report that the association disappears after control for prior (56) or current (6, 81) psychiatric disorder and/or familial and interpersonal problems. Because current psychological disorder may fall on the causal pathway between new unemployment and suicide, these last two studies may have over-controlled for the association.…”

Section: Psychological and Behavioral Morbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Health Effects of Economic Decline

Catalano

Goldman‐Mellor

Saxton

et al. 2011

Annu. Rev. Public Health

464

379

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The recent recession and lingering high unemployment will likely lead to a burst of research studying the health effects of economic decline. We aim to inform that work by summarizing empirical research concerned with those effects. We separate the studies into groups defined by questions asked, mechanisms invoked, and outcomes studied. We conclude that although much research shows that undesirable job and financial experiences increase the risk of psychological and behavioral disorder, many other suspected associations remain poorly studied or unsupported. The intuition that mortality increases when the economy declines, for example, appears wrong. We note that the research informs public health programming by identifying risk factors, such as job loss, made more frequent by economic decline. The promise that the research would identify health costs and benefits of economic policy choices, however, remains unfulfilled and will likely remain so without stronger theory and greater methodological agreement.

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“…In the mortality displacement pathway, a contracting economy ‘capitalises’ on latent or underlying psychological vulnerability in the population, triggering suicides that would have occurred eventually 7 11. As with the induction pathway, one would observe a temporary increase in the number of suicides relative to some baseline, but this surplus would then be followed by a drop below the expected number of suicides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%