The Role of Tourism in Development: A Dilemma Between Economic Growth and Mangrove Forest Degradation (A Case Study of Regencies/Cities in North Maluku Province)

Abstract

Province, which are still classified as underdeveloped regions in Eastern Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the influence of tourist arrival rate, price, human development index, and tourism promotion policy on economic growth by using regression of panel data of fixed-effect model (FEM) based on the feasible generalized least square (FGLS) VI method in eight regencies/cities in North Maluku Province during the period of 2012 2017. This finding shows that tourism development was closely related to economic growth, both in the short and long term. However, the development of tourism facilities and other supporting tourism facilities on the coast by coastal landfill had sacrificed the growth of coastal mangrove forests. Therefore, the local government is encouraged to issue regional regulations on the implementation of sustainable tourism businesses and educate the local community and visitors to play a role in protecting the environment of tourist destinations sustainable.-

Analisis Pariwisata Pro-Miskin: Suatu Studi di Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Maluku Utara

“…Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis ekonometrika dynamic panel data (DPD), berdasarkan metode feasible generalized least square (FGLS VI), untuk menganalisis pengaruh variabel Tourism Participation Index (TPI), Social Development Indicator (SDI), Infrastructure Development Indicator (IDI), Human Resources Indicator (HRI), terhadap dan jumlah penduduk miskin (JPM) baik dalam jangka pendek maupun dalam jangka panjang. Alasan digunakannya model ini, karena model ini mampu mengatasi keterbasan data panel dengan menghasilkan analisis jangka pendek dan panjang (Radianto et al, 2019). Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan data runtut waktu (time series data), yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), yaitu sejak tahun 2012 sampai dengan tahun 2019 dengan jumlah kabupaten/kota sebanyak 8 dari 10 kabupaten/kota, disebabkan karena dua kabupaten (kabupaten: Halmahera Selatan dan Pulau Taliabu), merupakan kabupaten pemekaran yang masih baru sehingga peneliti dihadapkan dengan ketersediaan data.…”

“…Sebagaimana telah dikemukakan sebelumnya, bahwa model ini akan menganalisis faktor penentu sesuai prosedur estimasi jumlah penduduk miskin (JPM) sebagai variabel dependen yang dapat diturunkan sebagai berikut (Baltagi, 2003(Baltagi, ,2005(Baltagi, ,2008Radianto et al, 2019):…”

“…Namun demikian, sebelum menurunkan model empiris yang ditaksir, perlu dilakukan seleksi untuk memilih mana di antara tiga model data panel (common effect model atau pooled ordinary least squares = PLS, random effect model = REM, dan fixed effect model = FEM) terbaik dalam memperkirakan penggunaan model empiris. Oleh karena itu, akan dilakukan dua langkah prosedur pengujian, yakni uji Chow dan Hausman (Radianto et al, 2019). Untuk itu, langkah pengujian dimaksud dapat diikuti pada penjelasan berikut.…”

Correlation of community-based tourism with sustainable development to improve community welfare: a review

“…Tourism expansion is intrinsically linked to both short-and long-term economic growth (Radianto et al, 2019). In addition, tourism contributes to the socioeconomic community by offering a unified platform for all social circles to communicate, share, and understand one another in order to develop cooperation, a sense of belonging, and integrity (Mohanty et al, 2019).Tourist development is deemed capable of producing positive externalities for the community's welfare, and tourism development can be incorporated into the broader agenda for sustainable development (Yergeau, 2020).…”