The role of thiamine in nervous tissue

Cooper, Joel; Pincus, Jonathan H.

doi:10.1007/bf00964146

Cited by 152 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…As already stated in a review by Cooper and Pincus ( 1979), the role of TTP in the nervous system remains an "intriguing enigma." Recently, Shikata et al (1989) have demonstrated the synthesis of TTP in skeletal muscle cytoplasmic fraction involving adenylate kinase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Metabolism of Thiamine Triphosphate in Rat Brain: Correlation with Chloride Permeability

Bettendorff

Peeters

Wins

et al. 1993

Journal of Neurochemistry

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Our results show that a net synthesis of thiamine triphosphate (TTP) can be demonstrated in vitro using rat brain extracts. The total homogenate was preincubated with thiamine or its diphosphate derivative (TDP), centrifuged, and washed twice. With TDP ( 1 mM) as substrate, a 10-fold increase in TTP content was observed in this fraction (nuclear fraction, membrane vesicles). A smaller, but significant, increase was observed in the P2 fraction (mitochondrial/synaptosomal fraction). In view of the low TTP content of our fractions, it was carefully assessed that authentic TTP was being formed. Incorporation of radioactivity from [P-32P]TDP and [T-~~PIATP in TTP suggests that these two compounds are its precursors. Furthermore, TTP synthesis was inhibited by ADP and relatively low concentrations of Zn2+. These results suggest that TTP synthesis is catalyzed by an ATP:TDP transphosphorylase rather than by the cytoplasmic adenylate kinase that may be present in the vesicles. After osmotic lysis of the vesicles at alkaline pH, TTP was recovered in protein-bound form. Concomitantly, a soluble thiamine triphosphatase, with aikaline pH optimum, was also released from the vesicles. No net synthesis could be obtained in the cytosolic fraction or in detergent-solubilized systems. Like TTP synthesis, chloride permeability of the vesicles was increased when the homogenate had been incubated with thiamine and particularly with TDP. Our results suggest a regulatory role of TTP on chloride permeability, but the target remains to be characterized. Key Words: Thiamine triphosphate-Thiamine diphosphateChloride permeability-Rat brain. Bettendorff L. et at. Metabolism of thiamine triphosphate in rat brain: Correlation with chloride permeability. J. Neurochem. 60, 423-434 (1993).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Metabolism of Thiamine Triphosphate in Rat Brain: Correlation with Chloride Permeability

Bettendorff

Peeters

Wins

et al. 1993

Journal of Neurochemistry

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“…Inside the cell, T is phosphorylated (10) to thiamine diphosphate (TDP), which functions as a cofactor for at least 5 vital enzymes in the cellular metabolism: transketolase (TK) in the hexose monophosphate shunt, pyruvate dehydrogenase in the glycolysis, ␣-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDH) in the citric acid cycle, branched-chain ␣-keto acid dehydrogenase for the metabolism of amino acids, and, as recently shown, 2-hydroxyacylCoA lyase 1 for the ␣-oxidation of 3-methyl-branched and 2-hydroxy straight chain fatty acids (11,12). Further phosphorylation produces thiamine triphosphate, which is necessary for the proper functioning of neuronal membranes (13,14).…”

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confidence: 99%

Wild birds of declining European species are dying from a thiamine deficiency syndrome

Balk

Hägerroth

Åkerman

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Wild birds of several species are dying in large numbers from an idiopathic paralytic disease in the Baltic Sea area. Here, we demonstrate strong relationships between this disease, breeding failure, and thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency in eggs, pulli, and full-grown individuals. Thiamine is essential for vertebrates, and its diphosphorylated form functions as a cofactor for several life sustaining enzymes, whereas the triphosphorylated form is necessary for the functioning of neuronal membranes. Paralyzed individuals were remedied by thiamine treatment. Moreover, thiamine deficiency and detrimental effects on thiamine-dependent enzymes were demonstrated in the yolk, liver, and brain. We propose that the mortality and breeding failure are part of a thiamine deficiency syndrome, which may have contributed significantly to declines in many bird populations during the last decades.␣-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase ͉ avian ͉ extinction ͉ transketolase

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“…Although earlier studies on the physio logical roles of thiamine have shown that thiamine pyrophosphate (cocarboxylase) functions as a coenzyme in the metabolism of pyruvate and a-ketoglutarate (1 ), many other direct or indirect biochemical disturbances are known to occur in thiamine deficient animals (2,3). For example, thiamine deficiency af fects a number of the putative neurotrans mitter systems such as serotonin (4,5), catecholamines (6,7), acetylcholine (8), glutamate (9), r-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and so on (3,10).…”

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confidence: 99%

Regional changes in brain histamine levels following dietary-induced thiamine deficiency in rats.

1988

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The role of thiamine in nervous tissue

Cited by 152 publications

References 67 publications

Metabolism of Thiamine Triphosphate in Rat Brain: Correlation with Chloride Permeability

Metabolism of Thiamine Triphosphate in Rat Brain: Correlation with Chloride Permeability

Wild birds of declining European species are dying from a thiamine deficiency syndrome

Regional changes in brain histamine levels following dietary-induced thiamine deficiency in rats.

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