The Role of the Vagal Nerve in Peripheral PYY3–36-Induced Feeding Reduction in Rats

Koda, Shuichi; Date, Yukari; Murakami, Noboru; Shimbara, Takuya; Hanada, Takeshi; Koji, Takehiko; Niijima, Akira; Furuya, Mayumi; Inomata, Norio; Osuye, Kazuhiro; Nakazato, Masamitsu

doi:10.1210/en.2004-1266

Cited by 373 publications

(230 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

221

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Our results do not fully support the hypothesis that PYY is the mediator of the 'ileal brake'. There is evidence that PYY acts as a paracrine agent after release by the L-cell, 39 and this may suggest that plasma levels do not reflect the local effects of PYY.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ileal fat perfusion on satiety and hormone release in healthy volunteers

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: The ileal brake is a feedback mechanism activated by nutrients, especially fat, with marked effects on satiety. The effects of low doses of ileal fat on satiety are largely unknown. We therefore studied the effect of ileal vs oral delivery of low doses of fat on satiety and gut peptide secretion. Design: Randomized, single-blind crossover design. Subjects: Sixteen healthy, normal-weight volunteers (6 male; mean age 26 years, mean body mass index 22.4). Intervention: Participants were intubated with a 290-cm-long nasoileal tube and consumed, on 3 consecutive days, either a liquid breakfast with 3 g fat followed by an ileal placebo infusion at t ¼ 105-150 min (treatment C) or a fat-free liquid breakfast followed by an ileal infusion of either an emulsion of 3 g (treatment I3g) or 9 g (treatment I9g) fat (safflower oil). Measurements: Satiety parameters by visual analog scales and plasma concentrations of CCK and PYY. Results: C significantly increased satiety and CCK secretion compared with the fat-free breakfast. Ileal fat perfusion of both 3 and 9 g (I3g and I9g) significantly increased satiety during and after fat perfusion, without differences in satiety between I3g and I9g. During ileal fat infusion, CCK increased dose dependently, whereas PYY concentrations increased significantly only after 9 g of fat. Secretion of CCK but not of PYY correlated to satiety levels. Conclusion: Postprandial satiety following a liquid breakfast can be effectively and significantly increased by small amounts (as little as 3 g) of fat perfused into the ileum. Ileal fat dose-dependently increased CCK but not PYY secretion. The satiating effect of ileal fat may be partly mediated by CCK.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ileal fat perfusion on satiety and hormone release in healthy volunteers

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…57 CCK excites vagal afferent fibres with mucosal endings, 58 and both long chain fatty acids and casein cause activation of vagal mucosal afferents, which is blocked by CCK A antagonists. 59,60 PYY also excites vagal afferent neurons and its satiety-mediating effects might require intact vagal nerve connections, 61,62 although it also acts hormonally in the brain. 63 Even the prototypical hormone, secretin, activates a subset of vagal mucosal afferent neurons.…”

Section: Vagal Mucosal Afferentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extrinsic primary afferent signalling in the gut

Brookes

Spencer

Costa

et al. 2013

Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol

241

216

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Visceral sensory neurons activate reflex pathways that control gut function and also give rise to important sensations, such as fullness, bloating, nausea, discomfort, urgency and pain. Sensory neurons are organised into three distinct anatomical pathways to the central nervous system (vagal, thoracolumbar and lumbosacral). Although remarkable progress has been made in characterizing the roles of many ion channels, receptors, and second messengers in visceral sensory neurons, the basic aim of understanding how many classes there are, and how they differ, has proven difficult to achieve. We suggest that there are just five structurally distinct types of sensory endings in the gut wall that account for essentially all of the primary afferent neurons in the three pathways. Each of these five major structural types of endings seems to show distinctive combinations of physiological responses. These types are: 'intraganglionic laminar' endings in myenteric ganglia; 'mucosal' endings located in the subepithelial layer; 'muscular mucosal' afferents, with mechanosensitive endings close to the muscularis mucosae; 'intramuscular' endings, with endings within the smooth muscle layers; and 'vascular' afferents, with sensitive endings primarily on blood vessels. 'Silent' afferents might be a subset of inexcitable 'vascular' afferents, which can be switched on by inflammatory mediators.Extrinsic sensory neurons comprise an attractive focus for targeted therapeutic intervention in a range of gastrointestinal disorders.2

show abstract

“…However, vagal afferents may also be involved in the anorectic effects of PYY 3-36 , as abdominal vagotomy abolished both the anorectic effect and c-Fos expression in the arcuate nucleus following peripherally administered PYY 3-36 (Koda et al, 2005). The Y2 receptor is expressed in at least some vagal afferents (Ghilardi et al, 1994;Zhang et al, 1997;Koda et al, 2005) and PYY stimulates firing of gastric vagal afferents (Koda et al, 2005).…”

Section: Lower Gut: the Ileal Brake Hormones Glp-1 And Pyymentioning

confidence: 99%

The vagus nerve, food intake and obesity

Berthoud

2008

Regulatory Peptides

264

199

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Food interacts with sensors all along the alimentary canal to provide the brain with information regarding its composition, energy content, and beneficial effect. Vagal afferents innervating the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and liver provide a rapid and discrete account of digestible food in the alimentary canal, as well as circulating and stored fuels, while vagal efferents together with the sympathetic nervous system and hormonal mechanisms codetermine the rate of nutrient absorption, partitioning, storage, and mobilization. Although vagal sensory mechanisms play a crucial role in the neural mechanism of satiation, there is little evidence suggesting a significant role in long-term energy homeostasis. However, increasing recognition of vagal involvement in the putative mechanisms making bariatric surgeries the most effective treatment for obesity should greatly stimulate future research to uncover the many details regarding the specific transduction mechanisms in the periphery and the inter-and intra-neuronal signaling cascades disseminating vagal information across the neuraxis.

show abstract

The Role of the Vagal Nerve in Peripheral PYY3–36-Induced Feeding Reduction in Rats

Cited by 373 publications

References 35 publications

Effect of ileal fat perfusion on satiety and hormone release in healthy volunteers

Effect of ileal fat perfusion on satiety and hormone release in healthy volunteers

Extrinsic primary afferent signalling in the gut

The vagus nerve, food intake and obesity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About