“…Several recent reviews on translation provide mechanistic and structural details of translation derived with S. cerevisiae and mammalian systems (Sonenberg and Hinnebusch, 2009;Jackson et al, 2010;Lorsch and Dever, 2010;Hinnebusch, 2011;Aitken and Lorsch, 2012;Dever and Green, 2012;Hernán-dez et al, 2012;Hershey et al, 2012;Hinnebusch and Lorsch, 2012;Valasek, 2012;Voigts-Hoffmann et al, 2012;Lomakin and Steitz, 2013;Hinnebusch, 2014;Mead et al, 2014;Merrick and Harris, 2014). Translation in plants has been reviewed with different emphases in the past five years Muench et al, 2012;Muñoz and Castellano, 2012;Echevarría-Zomeño et al, 2013;Browning, 2014;Gallie, 2014), and several historical reviews provide the back story (Browning, 1996;Bailey-Serres, 1999;Kawaguchi and Bailey-Serres, 2002;Browning, 2004;Gallie, 2007). As will be described, the translational machinery of plants resembles that of S. cerevisiae and mammals.…”