The Role of the Plant Antioxidant System in Drought Tolerance

Laxa, Miriam; Liebthal, Michael; Telman, Wilena; Chibani, Kamel; Dietz, Karl‐Josef

doi:10.3390/antiox8040094

Cited by 576 publications

(469 citation statements)

References 186 publications

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“…Drought stress caused by the decline in soil water potential interferes with many physiological processes at different levels, such as water uptake, transpiration, photosynthesis, seed germination, plant growth, and development (Deinlein et al, 2014;Tardieu et al, 2018;Hasanuzzaman et al, 2019;Laxa et al, 2019). Under severe conditions, drought stress lead simultaneously or successively to osmotic and oxidative stress.…”

Section: Drought Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signaling Role of Glutamate in Plants

et al. 2020

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It is well known that glutamate (Glu), a neurotransmitter in human body, is a protein amino acid. It plays a very important role in plant growth and development. Nowadays, Glu has been found to emerge as signaling role. Under normal conditions, Glu takes part in seed germination, root architecture, pollen germination, and pollen tube growth. Under stress conditions, Glu participates in wound response, pathogen resistance, response and adaptation to abiotic stress (such as salt, cold, heat, and drought), and local stimulation (abiotic or biotic stress)-triggered long distance signaling transduction. In this review, in the light of the current opinion on Glu signaling in plants, the following knowledge was updated and discussed. 1) Glu metabolism; 2) signaling role of Glu in plant growth, development, and response and adaptation to environmental stress; as well as 3) the underlying research directions in the future. The purpose of this review was to look forward to inspiring the rapid development of Glu signaling research in plant biology, particularly in the field of stress biology of plants.

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Section: Drought Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signaling Role of Glutamate in Plants

et al. 2020

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“…This causes a decrease of intercellular carbon dioxide concentration due to ongoing photosynthesis in the light. The decreased availability of CO 2 stimulates ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate oxygenation and thus photorespiratory hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) production in the peroxisomes [41]. Enzymatic components involved in antioxidant defence comprise of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) which scavenge H 2 O 2 into oxygen and water [42].…”

Section: Stress Parameters Of Chilli Pepper Fruits and Leavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, all the analysed enzymes contributed equally to the protective mechanisms against reactive oxygen species in chilli pepper fruits, which was reflected in the principal component analysis (PCA) graph showing closely clustering eigenvectors of these trials. According to Laxa et al [41], APX, CAT and GPX represent the principal reactive oxygen species scavengers in plants. APX and CAT are activated more quickly and strongly in tolerant genotypes compared to sensitive ones.…”

Section: Stress Parameters Of Chilli Pepper Fruits and Leavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Chilli Pepper Genotypes as a Source of Capsaicinoids and Antioxidants under Conditions of Simulated Drought Stress

Kopta

Sękara

Pokluda

et al. 2020

Plants

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In many regions of the world, the production of vegetable crops is limited by a deepening water crisis. Drought stress affects productivity and the chemical composition of crops. The variability of drought tolerance between species and cultivars of economically important crops, such as pepper (Capsicum species), requires specific investigations to understand the physiological and biochemical responses to the aftermath of drought. The fruits and leaves of four chilli pepper cultivars were investigated to elucidate the fruits' pungency (Scoville Heat Units, SHU), ascorbic acid content, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, polyphenol content, membrane lipid peroxidation and key protective antioxidant enzyme activity under drought stress (18-28% volumetric water content) as compared to the control (35-60%). Drought increased the chilli pepper fruits' pungency expressed in Scoville Heat Units (SHU) as well as ascorbic acid content, but this relationship was also dependent on genotype and stress duration. 'Jolokia' was marked as most sensitive to drought by increasing content of capsaicinoids and DPPH • scavenging activity under stress conditions. Capsaicinoids and Ascorbic acid (AsA) greatly influenced the antioxidant activity of highly pungent chilli pepper fruits, although total phenols played a significant role in the mildly pungent genotypes. Generally, the activities of antioxidant enzymes increased under drought in chilli pepper leaves and fruits, although the intensity of the reaction varied among the cultivars used in the current research. All the investigated biochemical parameters were involved in the drought response of chilli pepper plants, but their significance and effectiveness were highly cultivar-dependent.Plants 2020, 9, 364 2 of 17 substrates, fertigated, and bell pepper canopy training is a common practice. The chilli pepper is cultivated without training. The container growing cost is higher, but it decreases the risk of adjacent plant contamination with root-borne diseases [2,3].Chilli pepper is added to dishes in small amounts, but the intake of chilli even as a spice enriches the diet with polyphenols and other bioactive compounds, especially ascorbic acid and other vitamins, carotenoids (α-and β-carotene), capsaicinoids and mineral salts [4]. The most characteristic phytochemicals of all members of the genus Capsicum are capsaicinoids, compounds providing the pungent taste but also of exhibiting antioxidant activity [5]. There is a growing interest in the enhancement of compounds in food having health-promoting attributes such as antioxidants, and which were previously regarded as non-nutritive, including phenolic compounds (simple phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, lignans and lignins, stilbenes and tannins). Phenols are antioxidants in nature, often associated with plant defence against biotic and abiotic stress factors. Additionally, phenols modify fruit colour, taste, aroma and flavour, and also provide health-beneficial effects for humans [6,7].Variability in ...

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“…The total antioxidant activity and capacity increases significantly after drought stress in Solanum scabrum Mill and Solanum scabrum [57]. Keeping high antioxidant capacity and antioxidant enzymatic activity during drought stress can assist crop plants to acclimatize or withstand stress conditions by quenching the ROS that are generated during oxidative stress, thus contributing to drought tolerance, while lower or decreased in antioxidant activity after drought stress causes the high accumulation of ROS, which disrupts the redox balance and causes drought sensitivity and serve oxidative (oxidation) damage to cellular components [63]. Furthermore, prolong drought stress in different citrus rootstocks causes a dramatic increase in antioxidant enzymatic activities (SOD, POD, and CAT) and contributes to drought tolerance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drought stress triggers the production of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde, which causes protein oxidation and damages the cellular components [65]. In plants, a high level of H 2 O 2 causes redox imbalance (in plant cells, a high production of ROS overwhelms the quenching of free radicals) during a period of progressive dehydration [63]. In addition, a higher electrolyte leakage is accompanied by an accumulation of ROS, and a high level of ROS often results in programmed cell death [66].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CsCYT75B1, a Citrus CYTOCHROME P450 Gene, Is Involved in Accumulation of Antioxidant Flavonoids and Induces Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis

Rao

Tang

et al. 2020

Antioxidants

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CYTOCHROME P450s genes are a large gene family in the plant kingdom. Our earlier transcriptome data revealed that a CYTOCHROME P450 gene of Citrus sinensis (CsCYT75B1) was associated with flavonoid metabolism and was highly induced after drought stress. Here, we characterized the function of CsCYT75B1 in drought tolerance by overexpressing it in Arabidopsis thaliana. Our results demonstrated that the overexpression of the CsCYT75B1 gene significantly enhanced the total flavonoid contents with increased antioxidant activity in transgenic Arabidopsis. The gene expression results showed that several genes that are responsible for the biosynthesis of antioxidant flavonoids were induced by 2-12 fold in transgenic Arabidopsis lines. After 14 days of drought stress, all transgenic lines displayed an enhanced tolerance to drought stress along with accumulating antioxidant flavonoids with lower superoxide radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) than wild type plants. In addition, drought-stressed transgenic lines possessed higher antioxidant enzymatic activities than wild type transgenic lines. Moreover, the stressed transgenic lines had significantly lower levels of electrolytic leakage than wild type transgenic lines. These results demonstrate that the CsCYT75B1 gene of sweet orange functions in the metabolism of antioxidant flavonoid and contributes to drought tolerance by elevating ROS scavenging activities.

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The Role of the Plant Antioxidant System in Drought Tolerance

Cited by 576 publications

References 186 publications

Signaling Role of Glutamate in Plants

Signaling Role of Glutamate in Plants

Screening of Chilli Pepper Genotypes as a Source of Capsaicinoids and Antioxidants under Conditions of Simulated Drought Stress

CsCYT75B1, a Citrus CYTOCHROME P450 Gene, Is Involved in Accumulation of Antioxidant Flavonoids and Induces Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis

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