The role of the parahippocampal cortex in cognition

Aminoff, Elissa; Kveraga, Kestutis; Bär, Markus

doi:10.1016/j.tics.2013.06.009

Cited by 629 publications

(517 citation statements)

References 112 publications

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“…The association of the Picture version with both parahippocampal regions is expected due to the visual characteristics of the test. This result is also in agreement with the evidence suggesting that both parahippocampal regions are involved in memoryrelated processing that involves associations between elements [51].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Neuroanatomical Comparison of the “Word” and “Picture” Versions of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test in Alzheimer’s Disease

Slachevsky

Barraza

Hornberger

et al. 2017

JAD

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Abstract. Episodic memory tests with cued recall, such as the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT), allow for the delineation of hippocampal and prefrontal atrophy contributions to memory performance in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Both Word and Picture versions of the test exist but show different profiles, with the Picture version usually scoring higher across different cohorts. One possible explanation for this divergent performance between the different modality versions of the test might be that they rely on different sets of neural correlates. The current study explores this by contrasting the neural correlates of the Word and Picture versions of the FCSRT with voxel-based morphometry (VBM) in AD and healthy subjects. We predicted that the Picture version would be associated with different cortical regions than the Word version, which might be more hippocampal-centric. When comparing 35 AD patients and 34 controls, AD patients exhibited impairments on both versions of the FCSRT and both groups performed higher in the Picture version. A region of interest analysis based on prior work revealed significant correlations between free recall of either version with atrophy of the temporal pole and hippocampal regions. Thus, contrary to expectations, performance on both the Word and the Picture version of the FCSRT is associated with largely overlapping networks. Free recall is associated with hippocampal volume and might be properly considered as an indicator of hippocampal structural integrity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Neuroanatomical Comparison of the “Word” and “Picture” Versions of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test in Alzheimer’s Disease

Slachevsky

Barraza

Hornberger

et al. 2017

JAD

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“…Finally, our finding of significant bilateral posterior parahippocampal involvement underscores the fundamental contribution of this region to the construction of scenes, potentially by coding for the presence of space (Mullally and Maguire, 2011;Zeidman et al, 2012) or the processing of contextual associations (Aminoff et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Scene construction impairments in Alzheimer's disease – A unique role for the posterior cingulate cortex

Irish

Halena

Kamminga

et al. 2015

Cortex

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Episodic memory dysfunction represents one of the most prominent and characteristic clinical features of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), attributable to the degeneration of medial temporal and posterior parietal regions of the brain. Recent studies have demonstrated marked impairments in the ability to envisage personally relevant events in the future in AD.It remains unclear, however, whether AD patients can imagine fictitious scenes free from temporal constraints, a process that is proposed to rely fundamentally upon the integrity of the hippocampus. The objective of the present study was to investigate the capacity for atemporal scene construction, and its associated neural substrates, in AD. Fourteen AD patients were tested on the scene construction task and their performance was contrasted with 14 age-and education-matched healthy older Control participants. Scene construction performance was strikingly compromised in the AD group, with significant impairments evident for provision of contextual details, spatial coherence, and the overall richness of the imagined experience. Voxel-based morphometry analyses based on structural MRI revealed significant associations between scene construction capacity and atrophy in posterior parietal and lateral temporal brain structures in AD. In contrast, scene construction performance in Controls was related to integrity of frontal, parietal, and medial temporal structures, including the parahippocampal gyrus and posterior hippocampus. The posterior cingulate cortex emerged as the common region implicated for scene construction performance across participant groups. Our study highlights the importance of regions specialised for spatial and contextual processing for the construction of atemporal scenes. Damage to these regions in AD compromises the ability to construct novel scenes, leading to the recapitulation of content from previously experienced events.4

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“…5B, Table 5). It is thus possible that the active group benefitted from trained rIFG‐striato‐insular activation increase, while the control group benefitted from trained activation increase in posterior visual‐spatial attention regions, which are connected to lPHG [Aminoff et al, 2013], and both of which are relevant to ADHD [Hart et al, 2012, 2013; Norman et al, 2016; Rubia, 2011, 2017; Rubia et al, 2014a]. Hence, both common and group‐specific underlying processes could have accounted for their clinical improvements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real‐time fMRI neurofeedback in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Alegría

Wulff

Brinson

et al. 2017

Human Brain Mapping

109

103

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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with poor self‐control, underpinned by inferior fronto‐striatal deficits. Real‐time functional magnetic resonance neurofeedback (rtfMRI‐NF) allows participants to gain self‐control over dysregulated brain regions. Despite evidence for beneficial effects of electrophysiological‐NF on ADHD symptoms, no study has applied the spatially superior rtfMRI‐NF neurotherapy to ADHD. A randomized controlled trial tested the efficacy of rtfMRI‐NF of right inferior prefrontal cortex (rIFG), a key region that is compromised in ADHD and upregulated with psychostimulants, on improvement of ADHD symptoms, cognition, and inhibitory fMRI activation. To control for region‐specificity, an active control group received rtfMRI‐NF of the left parahippocampal gyrus (lPHG). Thirty‐one ADHD boys were randomly allocated and had to learn to upregulate their target brain region in an average of 11 rtfMRI‐NF runs over 2 weeks. Feedback was provided through a video‐clip of a rocket that had to be moved up into space. A transfer session without feedback tested learning retention as a proximal measure of transfer to everyday life. Both NF groups showed significant linear activation increases with increasing number of runs in their respective target regions and significant reduction in ADHD symptoms after neurotherapy and at 11‐month follow‐up. Only the group targeting rIFG, however, showed a transfer effect, which correlated with ADHD symptom reductions, improved at trend level in sustained attention, and showed increased IFG activation during an inhibitory fMRI task. This proof‐of‐concept study demonstrates for the first time feasibility, safety, and shorter‐ and longer‐term efficacy of rtfMRI‐NF of rIFG in adolescents with ADHD. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3190–3209, 2017. © 2017 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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The role of the parahippocampal cortex in cognition

Cited by 629 publications

References 112 publications

Neuroanatomical Comparison of the “Word” and “Picture” Versions of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test in Alzheimer’s Disease

Neuroanatomical Comparison of the “Word” and “Picture” Versions of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test in Alzheimer’s Disease

Scene construction impairments in Alzheimer's disease – A unique role for the posterior cingulate cortex

Real‐time fMRI neurofeedback in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

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