The role of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal/interrenal axis in mediating predator-avoidance trade-offs

Harris, Breanna N.; Carr, James A.

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.04.006

Cited by 69 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 444 publications

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“…Female corticosterone was unaffected by predation risk, but males nesting in predator boxes exhibited lower baseline corticosterone levels than males nesting in nonpredator boxes. Although this finding may at first appear incongruous with the idea that predation risk leads to physiological dysregulation (and is, in fact, in the opposite direction from our prediction), it is important to consider that a large literature on corticosterone/cortisol in animals has failed to find a consensus physiological response to chronic stress (Cyr & Romero, ; Dickens & Romero, ; Harris & Carr, ) and that sex differences in this response are common (Clinchy et al, ; Scheuerlein, Van't Hof & Gwinner, ). Although we cannot account precisely for why predator‐exposed male tree swallows exhibited lower baseline corticosterone levels than non‐predator‐exposed males, the fact that this difference exists at all suggests that adult swallows perceived and responded to our predator mounts in a manner that was distinct from the way that swallows nesting in nonpredator boxes perceived and responded to nonpredator mounts.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Differences in perceived predation risk associated with variation in relative size of extra‐pair and within‐pair offspring

Hallinger

Vitousek

Winkler

2019

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Extra‐pair paternity (EPP) is a widespread phenomenon in birds. Researchers have long hypothesized that EPP must confer a fitness advantage to extra‐pair offspring (EPO), but empirical support for this hypothesis is definitively mixed. This could be because genetic benefits of EPP only exist in a subset of environmental contexts to which a population is exposed. From 2013 to 2015, we manipulated perceived predator density in a population of tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) breeding in New York to see whether fitness outcomes of extra‐pair and within‐pair offspring (WPO) varied with predation risk. In nests that had been exposed to predators, EPO were larger, longer‐winged and heavier than WPO. In nonpredator nests, WPO tended to be larger, longer‐winged and heavier than EPO, though the effect was nonsignificant. We found no differences in age, morphology or stress physiology between extra‐pair and within‐pair sires from the same nest, suggesting that additive genetic benefits cannot fully explain the differences in nestling size that we observed. The lack of an effect of predator exposure on survival or glucocorticoid stress physiology of EPO and WPO further suggests that observed size differences do not reflect more general variation in intrinsic genetic quality. Instead, we suggest that size differences may have arisen through differential investment into EPO and WPO by females, perhaps because EPO and WPO represent different reproductive strategies, with each type of nestling conferring a fitness advantage in specific ecological contexts.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Differences in perceived predation risk associated with variation in relative size of extra‐pair and within‐pair offspring

Hallinger

Vitousek

Winkler

2019

J of Evolutionary Biology

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“…We also cannot rule out that the females that abandoned had higher baseline corticosterone levels. Experimentally, elevating the perceived risk of predation in breeding birds does in some cases result in an increase in circulating corticosterone (Clinchy, Zanette, Boonstra, Wingfield, & Smith, ; Sheriff, Krebs, & Boonstra, ); however, both the short‐ and long‐term effects of predators on glucocorticoids appear to be highly variable (Harris & Carr, ). Despite the high level of risk simulated by each encounter, it is possible that our protocol did not elevate perceived predation risk over longer time‐scales because of the low frequency and duration of these encounters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To increase perceived predation risk, a predator mount was presented to incubating females inside the nest box. This treatment was intended to mimic a short predator encounter that could induce transient changes in glucocorticoid levels or other physiological mediators, or directly influence behaviour (Harris & Carr, ; Kavaliers & Choleris, ; Lima, ). Our measure of resilience was nest abandonment during incubation (the life‐history stage during which stressors were manipulated).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On again, off again: Acute stress response and negative feedback together predict resilience to experimental challenges

et al. 2019

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Individuals often vary markedly in their ability to cope with stressors, but the drivers of this variation remain poorly understood. Many studies have tested relationships among individual variation in glucocorticoid levels and the response to challenges—often finding inconsistent patterns; however, few have addressed whether variation in the capacity to terminate the stress response through negative feedback is associated with stress resilience. While conceptual models predict that interactions among different components of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis regulation may be important predictors of the phenotypic and fitness effects of stress, we are aware of no previous experimental tests of this hypothesis. We investigate whether individual variation in HPA axis regulation is related to resilience to experimental challenges in free‐living tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor). We mimicked salient natural challenges by temporarily reducing flight efficiency or increasing perceived predation risk during incubation, and determined whether HPA axis responsiveness prior to treatments predicted resilience. Females that exhibited both a robust HPA axis activation and strong negative feedback were less likely to abandon nests during incubation. Our results suggest that exhibiting a strong HPA axis activation coupled with effective negative feedback may predict stress resilience. Therefore, the ability to turn on and then off the HPA axis efficiently may be important for fitness. Our results also suggest that the interactions between different components of the HPA axis may provide greater insight into differences in stress coping capacity. A plain language summary is available for this article.

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“…At this point, noxious stimuli may be ignored, perceived as representing a possible threatening change in the environment, or may be upgraded to a warning of actual or potential harm. If the brain perceives the noxious signal signs of an impending risk, injury or threat to survival, not only will a painful response ensue resulting in motor reflexes, but also an immune/inflammatory and hormonal response invoking the hypothalamus‐pituitary‐adrenal axis is also likely …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic orofacial pain, cognitive‐emotional‐motivational considerations: A narrative review

Heir¹

2019

J of Oral Rehabilitation

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The following material was presented to an esteemed group of colleagues, Chinese physicians and stomotologists, friends and fellow panellists from around the globe at the Core China Conference, Nanjing China. Modern medicine accepts that a dichotomy exists between the mind, psyche and emotions and the rest of the body as if they function independently, having little downward up upward influence, one on the other. However, history teaches a different lesson. The influence of the emotional state of the patient plays a significant role effecting hormonal, neuroimmunological and peripheral modulatory factors influencing the pain experience. This brief discussion reviews the roots of modern Western Medicine in Traditional Chinese Medicine, and how we have come back to the realisation of the mind-body concept in treating the patient as a single entity and not as a collection of systems. K E Y W O R D S cortical control, descending pain inhibition, modulation, pain, stress, trigeminal pain How to cite this article: Heir GM. Chronic orofacial pain, cognitive-emotional-motivational considerations: A narrative review.

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The role of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal/interrenal axis in mediating predator-avoidance trade-offs

Cited by 69 publications

References 444 publications

Differences in perceived predation risk associated with variation in relative size of extra‐pair and within‐pair offspring

Differences in perceived predation risk associated with variation in relative size of extra‐pair and within‐pair offspring

On again, off again: Acute stress response and negative feedback together predict resilience to experimental challenges

Chronic orofacial pain, cognitive‐emotional‐motivational considerations: A narrative review

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