The role of the huemul (<i>Hippocamelus bisulcus</i>) in Patagonian maritime hunter-gatherer strategies: The case of Diego Portales Island and Última Esperanza inland sea (Chile)

Navarrete, Vanessa; García-Piquer, Albert; García, Christian Martín; Prieto, Alfredo; Piqué, Raquel

doi:10.1080/15564894.2023.2168801

The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology

2023

DOI: 10.1080/15564894.2023.2168801

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The role of the huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus) in Patagonian maritime hunter-gatherer strategies: The case of Diego Portales Island and Última Esperanza inland sea (Chile)

Vanessa Navarrete

Albert García-Piquer

Christian Martín García³

et al.

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Review of Historical and Zooarchaeological Data to Trace Past Biogeographic Distribution of Endangered Huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus) to Enhance Conservation Strategies

Flueck,

Smith-Flueck,

Escobar

et al. 2023

Conservation

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Conservation strategies for huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus), listed as an endangered cervid by IUCN, have not helped to reverse its declining population trends. Recent evaluations of historical data revealed that they also inhabited lower valleys and grasslands as residents or only during winter. However, the dogma persists that huemuls do not need such habitats. To determine if more solid evidence exists to back up or refute our hypothesis that huemuls once inhabited lower valleys and grasslands, we researched the literature and discovered additional relevant historical sources on this species. These new findings substantiate that huemuls also occupied unforested areas, reaching the Atlantic coast, and resided on various islands including Tierra del Fuego, and that their co-occurrence with guanaco was frequent. Their extreme naivety towards humans resulted in their extirpation on winter ranges settled by humans, resulting in refugee huemuls year-round on remote mountain summer ranges. The ease by which indigenous people could kill them for subsistence and commercial export of hides to Europe, followed by the lowlands becoming modified by settlers and their exotic species facilitated the huemuls’ extirpation. The hypothesis of a dramatic modification of the original biogeographical distribution of huemuls is supported by anatomical and ecological features along with historical accounts. Sedentariness on only rugged summer ranges makes long-term survival of this species crucially challenging and requires sound conservation strategies that incorporate geographical areas of their former distribution.

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Review of Historical and Zooarchaeological Data to Trace Past Biogeographic Distribution of Endangered Huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus) to Enhance Conservation Strategies

Flueck,

Smith-Flueck,

Escobar

et al. 2023

Conservation

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show abstract

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The role of the huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus) in Patagonian maritime hunter-gatherer strategies: The case of Diego Portales Island and Última Esperanza inland sea (Chile)

Cited by 1 publication

References 25 publications

Review of Historical and Zooarchaeological Data to Trace Past Biogeographic Distribution of Endangered Huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus) to Enhance Conservation Strategies

Review of Historical and Zooarchaeological Data to Trace Past Biogeographic Distribution of Endangered Huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus) to Enhance Conservation Strategies

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