The Role of the Host in the Development of in vivo Models for Carcinogenesis Studies

Whitmire, Carrie E.; Demoise, Charles F.; Kouri, Richard E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-61939-7_3

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Aucune tumeur n'était no tée sur un groupe de 45 rats exposés au tabac seul; des lésions d'alvéolite à macrophages chargés de corps denses, et de métaplasie alvéolaire et bronchiolaire étaient, par contre, réparties de façon homogène dans le poumon profond. Dans une seconde série expéri mentale [45,64], un protocole d'exposition différent a été utilisé. Trois groupes de rats mâles comportaient 50 rats exposés au radon seul et âgés de 1 an (G 1 ), 50 rats de 3 mois exposés pendant 9 mois au tabac puis au radon à l'âge de 1 an (G2), 50 rats de 1 an exposés au radon puis 2 mois après, exposés au tabac (G3).…”

Section: Exposition Des Animaux à La Fumée De Cigaretteunclassified

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Cancérogénèse pulmonaire expérimentale

Massé

1990

Respiration

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Although they have been described in several species, lung cancers are rare cancers, occurring in old age. For this reason, experimental lung carcinogenesis is practically limited to short-living rodents, rats being the most frequently used; other species have not been shown to provide improved models for extrapolation to man although they may be useful for specific toxicokinetics of some xenobiotics. The aim of experimental lung carcinogenesis is to detect putative airborne carcinogens which may cause cancer in man. Compared to man, for similar cumulated exposure, there is a general trend for a given ultimate carcinogen to result in a high rate of tumor induction in rodents; this is due to deposition and clearance patterns, together with the distal location of tumors. A weak response in rats exposed to tobacco smoke only can be easily explained by basic toxicokinetics; rats exhibit a strong response to the promoting effect of tobacco smoke. In vitro transformation of animal and human lung cells is expected to be a key issue for the purpose of interspecies extrapolation

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Section: Exposition Des Animaux à La Fumée De Cigaretteunclassified

“…63]. La signi fication de ces résultats négatifs est obscure, des as pects toxicocinétiques, mettant en jeu le dépôt, et la souche animale, facteur important de variabilité mé tabolique [64], rendent sans doute compte des diffé rences.…”

Section: Exposition Des Animaux à La Fumée De Cigaretteunclassified

Cancérogénèse pulmonaire expérimentale

Massé

1990

Respiration

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“…It is notable that the appearance of all types of tumour, including the lymphomas, was at an age (10 months) at which control mice were tumour-free. It has been reported that CF-1, random-bred mice, although used extensively in assay systems, are less susceptible to chemical carcinogenesis than a number of inbred strains (Whitmore et al, 1974). Roe (1966) has argued that adenoma formation in the mouse lung may represent a model of extreme sensitivity in detecting carcinogenicity, though considerable differences of opinion on this matter exist.…”

Section: Mutagenicity Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutagenic and tumourigenic properties of the spores of Aspergillus clavatus

Blyth¹,

Hardy²

1982

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-Spore walls of a sputum-derived isolate of Aspergillus clavatus yielded mutagen(s) when their extracts were fractionally precipitated with ethanol following alkaline hydrolysis. After spores were given by nasal inoculation to 6-8-week-old CF-i mice, light and electron microscopy of lung sections showed that they had been readily phagocytozed by the polymorphonuclear leucocytes and alveolar macrophages mobilized during early allergic alveolitis in immunized mice. The formation of phagosomes was followed in thioglycollate-stimulated peritoneal macrophages grown in vitro. Unimmunised mice showed a comparable lung reaction, attributed to pulmonary mycotoxicosis, and revealed a rising incidence of lung tumours, from 25% at 2 months from inoculation, to 27.3% at 6 and to 55.5o% at 8. Mean numbers of tumours per lung rose from 1-0 to 2-2. Total tumours, including lymphomas, reached a final incidence of 77.7o% at 8 months, when control animals were tumourfree. Tumour development correlated with the retention of apparently intact spores within giant cells probably derived from aggregates of alveolar macrophages. The implications of these findings in the light of the known history of human exposure to such spores is discussed.

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The Role of the Host in the Development of in vivo Models for Carcinogenesis Studies

Cited by 2 publications

References 76 publications

Cancérogénèse pulmonaire expérimentale

Cancérogénèse pulmonaire expérimentale

Mutagenic and tumourigenic properties of the spores of Aspergillus clavatus

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